The Toyota C engine family was a series of inline-4 diesel engines. There were two earlier generations of an engine Toyota named as the "Type C". The first generation was introduced in 1940 as a modification of the Type A engine. This first "Type C" was installed in the Toyota AE. The second generation was the first diesel engine at 1500cc used in the CS20 series 1959 Toyota Crown in October 1959. Japanese market vehicles with diesel engines were exclusive to Toyota Japan dealerships called Toyota Diesel Shop locations from 1979 until the dealership was cancelled in 1988.

C

The original C engine was first introduced on October 11, 1958 in a prototype Crown Diesel (CS20) at the 5th Tokyo Motor Show with sales commencing in October 19 the following year. Derived from the R-series petrol engine, it has a displacement of 1,491 cc and produces 40 PS. It was underpowered, and due to the use of the insufficiently strong R-series block it was also not very durable. When the new 3R engine required a re-designed block, Toyota chose to cancel the C engine rather than re-engineer it. Production ended in March 1961, and Toyota chose to focus on the more powerful diesel J engine which appeared in 1964. Technical specifications:

Features at a glance

1C

1C, 1C-L, 1C-LC

The First Generation 1C was first introduced in the seventh generation Corona on January 26, 1982 and May 12, 1983 for transversely mounted applications as the 1C-L in the front-wheel drive models of the fifth Generation Corolla. It used a direct drive OHC mechanism that would later be adopted by the L series engine. Technical specifications(1C/1C-L): Applications: 63 PS at 4500 rpm, 11.3 kgm at 3000 rpm (Japan, Gross JIS)

65 PS at 4500 rpm, 11.5 kgm at 3000 rpm (Japan, Gross JIS)

1C-II

The second generation 1C engine updated with a higher compression ratio of 23:1 Applications: 64 PS at 4700 rpm, 12 kgm at 2600 rpm (Japan, Net JIS)

1C-III

Uprated version of the 1C-II Applications: 67 PS at 4700 rpm, 12.5 kgm at 3000 rpm (Japan, Net JIS)

1C-TL, 1C-TLC

Introduced on August 18, 1983 in the V10-series Camry/Vista it is the turbocharged version of the first generation 1C. This model was only installed in the V10-series Camry/Vista. The European model premiered at the 1983 Frankfurt Motor Show and produces 73 PS at 4500 rpm and 145 Nm at 2600 rpm. Applications: 74 PS at 4500 rpm, 14.3 kgm at 3000 rpm (US, Net SAE) 73 PS at 4700 rpm, 14.8 kgm at 2600 rpm (Europe) 80 PS at 4700 rpm, 15.5 kgm at 2400 rpm (Japan, Gross JIS)

2C

The 2C was a long running diesel engine, with some models (e.g. Corona, Townace, Liteace) receiving the turbo version 2C-T which provided 65 kW. It was replaced by the more economical 3C-TE in the above models from 1999.

2C, 2C-L

Output: Applications: 68 PS at 4500 rpm, 12 kgm at 3000 rpm (Europe, DIN) 72 PS at 4500 rpm, 12.8 kgm at 2600 rpm (Japan, Gross JIS)

2C-II

The second generation 2C engine updated with a higher compression ratio of 23:1 Applications: 70 PS at 4600 rpm, 13.1 kgm at 2600 rpm (Europe, EEC) 70 PS at 4700 rpm, 13 kgm at 2600 rpm (Japan, Net JIS) 75 PS at 4700 rpm, 13.5 kgm at 2600 rpm (Japan, Gross JIS)

2C-III

Uprated version of the 2C-II Applications: 72 PS at 4600 rpm, 13.4 kgm at 2800 rpm (Pakistan, Net SAE) 73 PS at 4700 rpm, 13.5 kgm at 3000 rpm (Japan, Net JIS) 73 PS at 4700 rpm, 13.5 kgm at 2800rpm (Japan, Net JIS) 73 PS at 4700 rpm, 13.2 kgm at 2800rpm (Japan, Net JIS) 73 PS at 4700 rpm, 13.5 kgm at 3000rpm (Japan, Net JIS)/(Europe) 73 PS at 4700 rpm, 13.2 kgm at 2500rpm (Japan, Net JIS) 70 PS at 4600 rpm, 13.4 kgm at 2500 rpm (Europe, EEC) 73 PS at 4700 rpm, 13.5 kgm at 2800rpm (Japan, Net JIS) 70 PS at 4600 rpm, 12.7 kgm at 3000 rpm (Philippines, Net SAE)

2C-E

EFI version of the 2C-III Applications: 75 PS at 4600 rpm, 16.3 kgm at 2600 rpm (Europe)

2C-T, 2C-TL, 2C-TLC

Turbocharged version of the 2C engine with a compression ratio of 22.5:1 Applications: 80 PS at 4500 rpm, 16.2 kgm at 3000rpm (US, Net SAE)

2C-(II)T

Turbocharged variant of the higher compression 2C-II engine adopting the Ceramic reinforced pistons from the 2LTE series. Note: Toyota Applications: 82 PS at 4500 rpm, 16.3 kgm at 2400rpm (Japan, Net JIS) 84 PS at 4500 rpm, 16.7 kgm at 2400rpm (Europe) 82 PS at 4500 rpm, 16.3 kgm at 2400rpm (Japan, Net JIS) 82 PS at 4500 rpm, 16.3 kgm at 2400rpm (Japan, Net JIS) 88 PS at 4000 rpm, 17 kgm at 2400rpm (Japan, Gross JIS)

2C-(III)T

Revised variant of the 2C-(II)T fitted with Diesel Smoke Control System to meet stricter Japanese and Euro 2 emission standards. Applications: Non Intercooled 82 PS at 4000 rpm, 17.7 kgm at 2000rpm (Europe) 88 PS at 4000 rpm, 18 kgm at 2200rpm (Japan, Net JIS) Intercooled 91 PS at 4400 rpm, 19.4 kgm at 2600rpm (Japan, Net JIS)

2C-TE

EFI variant of the 2C-(III)T adopting electronic throttle control. Applications: 90 PS at 4000 rpm, 20.7 kgm at 2200 rpm (Europe)

3C

Although having a larger displacement than the 2C-T, the 3C-TE was more economical and powerful at 100 PS. The C series engines were replaced by the CD series in the European market, while Toyota stopped selling diesel non-commercial models in Japan after the 3C-TE.

3C-E

EFI version with compression ratio of 23.0:1 79.0 PS (58.0 kW; 78.0 HP) at 4,400 rpm Applications: 79 PS at 4400 rpm, 15 kgm at 2400 rpm (Japan, Net JIS)

3C-T

Turbocharged version with compression ratio of 22.6:1(Non Intercooled) or 20.0:1(Intercooled). From 88.0 PS (65.0 kW; 87.0 HP) at 4,000 rpm to 91.0 PS (67.0 kW; 90.0 HP) at 4,000 rpm Applications: Non Intercooled 91 PS at 4000 rpm, 19.6 kgm at 2000 rpm (Japan, Net JIS) 91 PS at 4000 rpm, 19.8 kgm at 2200 rpm (Japan, Net JIS) Intercooled 100 PS at 4200 rpm, 22 kgm at 2600 rpm (Japan, Net JIS)

3C-TE

Turbocharged version with EFI and compression ratio of 22.6:1. From 94.0 PS (69.0 kW; 92.0 HP) at 4,400 rpm to 100.0 PS (74.0 kW; 99.0 HP) at 4,200 rpm Applications: Non Intercooled 90 PS at 4000 rpm, 20.9 kgm at 2000-2400 rpm (Europe) 94 PS at 4000 rpm, 21.0 kgm at 2200 rpm (Japan, Net JIS)

94 PS at 4000 rpm, 21.5 kgm at 2000 rpm (Japan, Net JIS)

94 PS at 4000 rpm, 21.0 kgm at 2200 rpm (Japan, Net JIS) Intercooled 105 PS at 4200 rpm, 23 kgm at 2600 rpm (Japan, Net JIS)