Tirumala Deva Raya (r. 1570 - 1572 CE) was the first crowned Emperor of Vijayanagara from the Aravidu Dynasty. He was the younger brother of Rama Raya and the husband of princess Vengalamba, making him the son-in-law of Emperor Krishna Deva Raya. Following the Battle of Talikota, he rescued the last Tuluva Emperor, Sadasiva Raya, and relocated the imperial capital to Penukonda. After Sadasiva's death in 1570 CE, he ascended as the Emperor of Vijayanagara. He was succeeded by his son, Sriranga I in 1572.

Muslim Invasion of Penukonda

Tirumala Raya escaped the Battle of Talikota and afterwards shifted his capital to Penukonda. He later repulsed a Muslim invasion on Penukonda.