The Tazewell & Peoria Railroad (T&P) (November 1, 2004—present) is a short-line railroad, running entirely in Peoria County and Tazewell County, Illinois, and formed by Genesee & Wyoming Inc. to lease the assets of the century-old Peoria and Pekin Union Railway (P&PU), which is owned by Union Pacific, Norfolk Southern and Canadian National. It switches close to 100,000 cars per year and has about 142 miles of track. Genesee & Wyoming owns 81 miles of TZPR and can handle freight cars with up to 286,000 pounds of cargo. The P&PU track straddles the Illinois River at Peoria, Illinois, making the T&P an important transportation link for industrial sites such as the Caterpillar plant in East Peoria, Illinois. In addition to interconnections with the P&PU track's owners, the T&P interconnects with the Burlington Northern Santa Fe, the Toledo, Peoria & Western, the Iowa Interstate Railroad, the Canadian National Railway, the Keokuk Junction Railway, the Norfolk Southern Railway, the Union Pacific Railway, and the T&P's sister Illinois and Midland Railroad. All of these interchanges are at Creve Coeur, Illinois.

Locomotive roster