{"history":[],"article":{"id":"4e427ae9-e089-4394-8024-ad29502662c8","title":"Taylor column","slug":"taylor-column","content":":::summary\n:::\n\n# \nA **Taylor column** is a fluid dynamics phenomenon that occurs as a result of the [Coriolis effect](https://bliptext.com/articles/coriolis-effect).\nIt was named after [Geoffrey Ingram Taylor](https://bliptext.com/articles/geoffrey-ingram-taylor).\nRotating fluids that are perturbed by a solid body tend to form columns parallel to the axis of rotation called Taylor columns.\nAn object moving parallel to the axis of rotation in a rotating fluid experiences more drag force than what it would experience in a non rotating fluid.\nFor example, a strongly buoyant ball (such as a pingpong ball) will rise to the surface more slowly than it would in a non-rotating fluid.\nThis is because fluid in the path of the ball that is pushed out of the way tends to circulate back to the point it is shifted away from, due to the Coriolis effect.\nThe faster the rotation rate, the smaller the radius of the inertial circle traveled by the fluid.\nIn a non-rotating fluid the fluid parts above the rising ball and closes in underneath it, offering relatively little resistance to the ball.\nIn a rotating fluid, the ball needs to push up a whole column of fluid above it, and it needs to drag a whole column of fluid along beneath it in order to rise to the surface.\nA rotating fluid thus displays some degree of rigidity.\n# [Motion of fluid above and below a moving object is forced to circulate, and are thus restricted to be within a column extended by the object in the axis of rotation. | upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/Taylor///column///rising///ball.png]\n\n# History\nTaylor columns were first observed by [William Thomson, Lord Kelvin](https://bliptext.com/articles/william-thomson-1st-baron-kelvin), in 1868.\nTaylor columns were featured in lecture demonstrations by Kelvin in 1881 and by John Perry in 1890.\nThe phenomenon is explained via the [Taylor–Proudman theorem](https://bliptext.com/articles/taylor-proudman-theorem), and it has been investigated by Taylor, Grace, Stewartson, and Maxworthy —among others.\n\n# Theory\nTaylor columns have been rigorously studied.\nFor [Re](https://bliptext.com/articles/reynolds-number)<<1, [Ek](https://bliptext.com/articles/ekman-number)<<1, [Ro](https://bliptext.com/articles/rossby-number)<<1, the drag equation for a cylinder of radius, a, the following relation has been found.\nTo derive this, Moore and Saffman solved the linearised [Navier–Stokes equation](https://bliptext.com/articles/navier-stokes-equations) along in cylindrical coordinates, where some of the vertical and radial components of the viscous term are taken to be small relative to the Coriolis term:\nTo solve these equations, we incorporate the volume conservation condition as well:\nWe use the Ekman compatibility relation for this geometry to restrict the form of the velocity at the disk surface:\nThe resultant velocity fields can be solved in terms of [Bessel functions](https://bliptext.com/articles/bessel-function).\nwhereby for [Ek](https://bliptext.com/articles/ekman-number)<<1 the function A(k) is given by,\nIntegrating the equation for the v, we can find the pressure and thus the drag force given by the first equation.\n# [Taylor column in fluid | upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/Taylor///column.jpg]\n\n# Geophysical example\nTaylor columns form above peaks in the [South Scotia Ridge](https://bliptext.com/articles/scotia-arc) in the [Southern Ocean](https://bliptext.com/articles/southern-ocean).\nThey affect circulation and mixing in the Weddell-Scotia Confluence where the [Antarctic circumpolar current](https://bliptext.com/articles/antarctic-circumpolar-current) (ACC) and the subpolar [Weddell Gyre](https://bliptext.com/articles/weddell-gyre) mix.\nThe [iceberg A23a](https://bliptext.com/articles/iceberg-a23a) is approximately 50km across and broke free from the Antarctic coast in 1986.\nFrom July 2021 it tracked along the length of the Antarctic Peninsula, and in April 2024 it got stuck in one such Taylor Column in the ACC located over the [Pirie Bank](https://bliptext.com/articles/pirie-bank).","current_revision":null,"created_by":"kACnuQmH5k9Nr5VNVEpVeg7XpvUmMctD","created_at":"2025-01-26T11:13:31.237Z","updated_at":"2025-01-26T11:13:31.237Z","search_vector":"'column':2 'taylor':1","search_content":" \n \n\n# \nA **Taylor column** is a fluid dynamics phenomenon that occurs as a result of the [Coriolis effect](https://bliptext.com/articles/coriolis-effect).\nIt was named after [Geoffrey Ingram Taylor](https://bliptext.com/articles/geoffrey-ingram-taylor).\nRotating fluids that are perturbed by a solid body tend to form columns parallel to the axis of rotation called Taylor columns.\nAn object moving parallel to the axis of rotation in a rotating fluid experiences more drag force than what it would experience in a non rotating fluid.\nFor example, a strongly buoyant ball (such as a pingpong ball) will rise to the surface more slowly than it would in a non-rotating fluid.\nThis is because fluid in the path of the ball that is pushed out of the way tends to circulate back to the point it is shifted away from, due to the Coriolis effect.\nThe faster the rotation rate, the smaller the radius of the inertial circle traveled by the fluid.\nIn a non-rotating fluid the fluid parts above the rising ball and closes in underneath it, offering relatively little resistance to the ball.\nIn a rotating fluid, the ball needs to push up a whole column of fluid above it, and it needs to drag a whole column of fluid along beneath it in order to rise to the surface.\nA rotating fluid thus displays some degree of rigidity.\n# [Motion of fluid above and below a moving object is forced to circulate, and are thus restricted to be within a column extended by the object in the axis of rotation. | upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/Taylor///column///rising///ball.png]\n\n# History\nTaylor columns were first observed by [William Thomson, Lord Kelvin](https://bliptext.com/articles/william-thomson-1st-baron-kelvin), in 1868.\nTaylor columns were featured in lecture demonstrations by Kelvin in 1881 and by John Perry in 1890.\nThe phenomenon is explained via the [Taylor–Proudman theorem](https://bliptext.com/articles/taylor-proudman-theorem), and it has been investigated by Taylor, Grace, Stewartson, and Maxworthy —among others.\n\n# Theory\nTaylor columns have been rigorously studied.\nFor [Re](https://bliptext.com/articles/reynolds-number)<<1, [Ek](https://bliptext.com/articles/ekman-number)<<1, [Ro](https://bliptext.com/articles/rossby-number)<<1, the drag equation for a cylinder of radius, a, the following relation has been found.\nTo derive this, Moore and Saffman solved the linearised [Navier–Stokes equation](https://bliptext.com/articles/navier-stokes-equations) along in cylindrical coordinates, where some of the vertical and radial components of the viscous term are taken to be small relative to the Coriolis term:\nTo solve these equations, we incorporate the volume conservation condition as well:\nWe use the Ekman compatibility relation for this geometry to restrict the form of the velocity at the disk surface:\nThe resultant velocity fields can be solved in terms of [Bessel functions](https://bliptext.com/articles/bessel-function).\nwhereby for [Ek](https://bliptext.com/articles/ekman-number)<<1 the function A(k) is given by,\nIntegrating the equation for the v, we can find the pressure and thus the drag force given by the first equation.\n# [Taylor column in fluid | upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/Taylor///column.jpg]\n\n# Geophysical example\nTaylor columns form above peaks in the [South Scotia Ridge](https://bliptext.com/articles/scotia-arc) in the [Southern Ocean](https://bliptext.com/articles/southern-ocean).\nThey affect circulation and mixing in the Weddell-Scotia Confluence where the [Antarctic circumpolar current](https://bliptext.com/articles/antarctic-circumpolar-current) (ACC) and the subpolar [Weddell Gyre](https://bliptext.com/articles/weddell-gyre) mix.\nThe [iceberg A23a](https://bliptext.com/articles/iceberg-a23a) is approximately 50km across and broke free from the Antarctic coast in 1986.\nFrom July 2021 it tracked along the length of the Antarctic Peninsula, and in April 2024 it got stuck in one such Taylor Column in the ACC located over the [Pirie Bank](https://bliptext.com/articles/pirie-bank).","revisionCount":0},"hasMore":false,"nextCursor":null}