Spain competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany. 123 competitors, 118 men and 5 women, took part in 59 events in 17 sports.

Medalists

Archery

In the first modern archery competition at the Olympics, Spain entered one man and one woman. Their highest placing competitor was Maria Teresa Romero, at 13th place in the women's competition. Men's Individual Competition: Women's Individual Competition:

Athletics

Men's 800 metres Men's 4 × 100 m Relay Men's Marathon

Basketball

Men's Team Competition

Boxing

Men's Flyweight (– 51 kg)

Canoeing

Cycling

Eight cyclists represented Spain in 1972.

Diving

Men's 10m Platform Women's 10m Platform

Equestrianism

Gymnastics

Handball

Men's Team Competition

Spain lost all three of its first-round games, to West Germany, Romania, and Norway. The fourth-place finish put Spain into the thirteenth- to sixteenth-place consolation round, where they lost their game against the United States to set up a fifteenth and sixteenth place match against Tunisia. Spain won this game, 23–20.

Hockey

Men's Team Competition

Judo

Sailing

Shooting

Nine male shooters represented Spain in 1972.

Swimming

Men's 100m Freestyle Men's 4 × 100 m Freestyle Relay

Water polo

Men's Team Competition

Weightlifting