The Soviet Antarctic Expedition (SAE or SovAE) (, Sovetskaya antarkticheskaya ekspeditsiya) was part of the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute of the Soviet Committee on Antarctic Research of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. It was succeeded by the Russian Antarctic Expedition. The Soviet Union's Ministry of Sea Transport was responsible for the administration, logistics and supply of the expeditions. The first Soviet contact with Antarctica was in January 1947 when the Slava whaling flotilla began whaling in Antarctic waters.

Stations

The first Soviet Antarctic station, Mirny, was established near the coast on February 13, 1956. In December 1957 another station, Vostok, was built inland near the South geomagnetic pole.

Year-round stations

Summer stations

IGY stations

List of stations in use during the International Geophysical Year.

Expeditions

The Soviet Union engaged in expeditions to Antarctica from 1955 to its dissolution. After this, the Soviet Antarctic stations were taken over by Russia.