Southern Pacific Railroad's AC-4 (meaning Articulated Consolidation) class of steam locomotives was the first class of 4-8-8-2 cab forward locomotives. They were intended to improve on the railroad's MC (Mallet-Consolidation) class 2-8-8-2 locomotives with a larger firebox, hence, the four-wheel leading truck (instead of the two-wheel). The AC-4s were the first SP Mallets built for simple expansion. Baldwin Locomotive Works built them in August through October 1928 with a maximum cutoff of 70%, so tractive effort was rated at 112760 lbf; a few years later, limited cutoff was dropped and calculated tractive effort increased to 116,000 lbf. The AC-4s were removed from service starting in 1953, and all ten were scrapped by June 1955.