The Silver War Badge was issued in the United Kingdom and the British Empire to service personnel who had been honourably discharged due to wounds or sickness from military service in World War I.

History

The badge, sometimes known as the "Discharge Badge", the "Wound Badge" or "Services Rendered Badge", was first issued in September 1916, along with an official certificate of entitlement. If a person served in an active war zone then a King's Certificate of Discharge stating that they "Served with honour" would accompany the badge. The large sterling silver lapel badge was intended to be worn on civilian clothes. The decoration was introduced as an award of "King's silver" for having received wounds or injury during loyal war service to the Crown's authority. A secondary causation for its introduction was that a practice had developed in the early years of the war in the United Kingdom where some women publicly embarrassed men of fighting age who were not in military uniform, by ostentatiously presenting them with white feathers, as a suggestion of cowardice. As the war had developed substantial numbers of servicemen who had been discharged from His Majesty's Forces with wounds that rendered them unfit for war service, but which were not obvious from their outward appearance, found themselves being harassed in such a manner and the badge, to be worn on the right breast while in civilian dress, was a means of discouraging such incidents being directed at ex-forces' personnel. The badge bears the royal cypher "GRI" (for Georgius Rex Imperator; George, King and Emperor) and around the rim "For King and Empire - Services Rendered". Each badge was uniquely numbered on the reverse. The War Office maintained registers recording the soldier and each badge number issued in the United Kingdom. Each badge issued by the War Office was accompanied by a form W5149 The accompanying War Badge and Certificate No. _______ are forwarded herewith to _____________________ in respect of ____ service as a soldier of His Majesty's forces. The Badge will be worn on the right breast or on the right lapel of the jacket, but not in Naval or Military uniform. Duplicates of the Badge and Certificate cannot be issued under any circumstances. Receipt of the same should be acknowledged hereon. The War Office made it known that it would not replace Silver War Badges if they were lost, however if one was handed into a police station then it would be returned to the War Office, which would seek to return it using its records to its recipient. The military authorities of Canada, New Zealand, Australia, South Africa and Rhodesia maintained their own registers of issue (which were copied to the War Office in London to provide it with an Imperial master-record). This Master List was administratively destroyed by the Ministry of Defence later in the 20th Century, only a few pages of it are extant at The National Archives, in Kew, Surrey. Those personnel of HM Forces discharged after 31 December 1919 were no longer eligible for the badge. A similar award called the King's Badge was issued in World War II. Although each was issued with a certificate, unlike its World War I counterpart it was not individually numbered.

Silver War Badge - Medal Cards and Rolls

British Army

The "SWB List" when mentioned on a medal card refers to a single folio list, multiples of which are in medal rolls. Whilst these rolls are physically kept in The National Archives, these rolls can be consulted online via a genealogy service provider. There are two different types of cards on which the List can be mentioned. There should be a reference on the card to a Silver War Badge Roll, for example in the picture above it says "SWB List TH/345" this refers to the War Office roll in which the man is mentioned. The medal roll itself would cover a range of lists, for instance "TH 1 - 400". These alphabetical prefixes relate to the regional record office which administered the badge issuance. On the Silver War Badge roll it should mention at the very least the number of the badge, the date of issue, unit at discharge, the official reason and date of his discharge, along with enlistment date. The more recent roll entries record the age of the recipient.

Others

Royal Navy

Two sets of records were kept. One set is a list of unique numbers, in sequence. The other is several books of surnames in alphabetical groupings. These can be accessed online via.

Royal Air Force

If an airman was in receipt of a badge, this is recorded on the reverse of their service record (AM Form 175). There are neither comprehensive rolls of silver war badge recipients, nor comprehensive rolls of WW1 campaign medals that have survived and been passed on from the Air Ministry.

Australian Imperial Force

The first 500 issued to the AIF are on a War Office roll. Of the subsequent issues, there are 18 "Register of GRI Imperial Silver War Badge" ledgers.

New Zealand Expeditionary Force

The first 200 issued to the NZEF are on a War Office roll. Of the subsequent issues, circa 40,000, the associated documentation has not come to light.

Canadian Expeditionary Force

A portion of the registers have survived, and are kept in the archives at Ottawa.

King's Regulations For Discharge from the British Army

There were 29 different reasons for which a soldier could have been discharged under the King's Regulations. On a Silver War Badge Card, it could say KR (xxi) as it does on the example SWB card. This stands for King's Regulations, section 21. The different regulations were: In addition, further conditions of discharge were announced by Army Order 265 dated 10 August 1917. This, in turn, was superseded by Army Order 291 of October 1918. That too, in turn, was superseded by Army Order 29 of January 1919, following the cessation of hostilities which permitted the issuance of badges for the rest of 1919. The Cessation of issue to soldiers was announced by Army Order 43 dated 20 February 1920.

Issued numbers

Approximately 1,150,000 badges were issued, which had to be claimed and then approved, generally covered by §(xvi) above.

British Army

Williamson observed that in 1992 Steve Brookes had undertaken an analysis of the number ranges issued to soldiers by the War Office. The following was deduced:

Others