The Serpent River First Nation, a signatory to the Robinson Huron Treaty of 1850, is an Anishinaabe First Nation in the Canadian province of Ontario, located midway between Sault Ste. Marie and Sudbury along the North Channel of Lake Huron. The First Nation's provisional territory extends from this waters of the North Channel of Lake Huron, Serpent River Basin; north beyond the city of Elliot Lake. The Serpent River nation has a provisional land base of 5250 square kilometers. It occupies the Serpent River 7 reserve. The First Nation was impacted significantly by uranium mining at Elliot Lake, including through contamination of the Serpent River.

Notable members