The Rio Grande Wild and Scenic River is a U.S. National Wild and Scenic River that protects 260 mi of the Rio Grande in New Mexico and Texas, in the United States. The designation was first applied in 1968 to a 55.7 mi stretch of the river in New Mexico; an additional 191.2 mi of the river in Texas was added in 1978, followed by another 12.5 mi in New Mexico in 1994. The New Mexico portion of the Wild and Scenic River runs from the New Mexico–Colorado border approximately 68 mi south. The lower 4 mi of the Red River, a tributary of the Rio Grande in Taos County, New Mexico, was also added to the Wild and Scenic River System. The two rivers intersect in the Wild Rivers Recreation Area. Approximately 69 mi of the Wild and Scenic River in Texas is within Big Bend National Park; the remainder is downstream of Big Bend. Three rugged canyons are preserved under this designation: Boquillas Canyon is the most accessible, as it can be reached via a popular RV campground; Mariscal Canyon can only be entered via a high-clearance four-wheel-drive vehicle; and entrance to the Lower Canyon, due to rapid size, is only possible by signing a National Park Service liability or "acknowledgement of risk" waiver. The Wild and Scenic River designation does not include Santa Elena Canyon, which is the most popular recreational area in Big Bend.

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