In Canada, the criminal legal system is divided into federal and provincial/territorial jurisdictions. Provincial/territorial correctional facilities hold people who have been sentenced to less than two years in custody and people being held on remand (waiting trial or sentencing). Federal Correctional Facilities, which are the responsibility of Correctional Service of Canada—is concerned with people who have been sentenced to two years or more in custody. Provincial/territorial jurisdiction includes: remand for those with a custody sentence of less than two years; community sentences such as fines, community service, or probation; including pre-trial supervision, community and custody sentences, and Extrajudicial Sanctions Programs. Youth criminal legal facilities and sentencing are also provincial/territorial but are usually governed by the ministry responsible for child and youth services, rather than the body responsible for adult corrections. Though immigration detention is facilitated by the Canada Border Services Agency, immigration detainees may also be kept in provincial/territorial facilities because either the federal Immigration Holding Centres (IHCs) are full, there is no IHC in their region, or the detainee's file has a link to criminality.

Alberta

Corrections in Alberta are administered by the Correctional Services of the Ministry of Justice.

British Columbia

Corrections in British Columbia are administered by B.C. Corrections under the Ministry of Public Safety and Solicitor General. , BC has 10 correctional centres throughout the province.

Manitoba

Correctional services in Manitoba are administered by Manitoba Corrections, under the province's Department of Justice.

New Brunswick

Correctional services in New Brunswick are administered by the Community & Correctional Services of Department of Justice and Public Safety.

Newfoundland and Labrador

Correctional services in Newfoundland and Labrador are administered by the Corrections and Community Services branch of the Department of Justice and Public Safety.

Nova Scotia

Corrections in Nova Scotia are administered by the Correctional Services of the province's Department of Justice.

Northwest Territories

Corrections in the Northwest Territories are administered by the Corrections Service of the territory's Department of Justice.

Nunavut

Corrections in Nunavut are administered by Nunavut Ministry of Justice.

Ontario

Adult corrections in Ontario are administered by the Ministry of the Solicitor General, whereas youth detention centres for secure detention of young people ages 12–18 are administered by the Ministry of Children, Community and Social Services.

Prince Edward Island

Corrections in Prince Edward Island are administered by the Community and Correctional Services Division of the Ministry of Justice and Public Safety and Attorney General.

Quebec

Corrections in Quebec are administered by the Direction générale des services correctionnels of the province's Ministry of Public Security (French: Ministère de la Sécurité publique).

Saskatchewan

Corrections in Saskatchewan are administered by the Ministry of Corrections, Public Safety and Policing.

Yukon

Corrections in Yukon are administered by the Community and Correctional Services Branch of the Ministry of Justice.