The Prince of Smolensk was the kniaz, the ruler or sub-ruler, of the Rus' Principality of Smolensk, a lordship based on the city of Smolensk. It passed between different groups of descendants of Grand Prince Iaroslav I of Kiev until 1125, when following the death of Vladimir Monomakh the latter's grandson Rostislav Mstislavich was installed in the principality, while the latter's father Mstislav I Vladimirovich became Grand Prince. It gained its own bishopric in 1136. It was Rostislav's descendants, the Rostaslavichi, who ruled the principality until the fifteenth-century. Smolensk enjoyed stronger western ties than most Rus' principalities.

Kievan Rus' (Princes of Smolensk)

Yaroslavichi

Monomakhovichi/Sviatoslavichi

Monomakhovichi / Rostislavichi

Rostislavichi / Mstislavichi

Grand Duchy of Lithuania

Viceroys of Smolensk

Voivodes of Smolensk

Principality of Moscow

Voivodes of Smolensk

Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth

Voivodes of Smolensk

Tsardom of Russia

Voivodes of Smolensk