The politics of Liaoning Province in the People's Republic of China is structured in a single party-government system like all other governing institutions in mainland China. The Governor of Liaoning (辽宁省省长) is the highest-ranking official in the People's Government of Liaoning. However, in the province's single party-government governing system, the Governor has less power than the Liaoning Chinese Communist Party (CCP) Provincial Committee Secretary (辽宁省委书记), colloquially termed the "Liaoning CCP Party Chief". Previous to 1949 and the takeover of the Communist forces, Liaoning was governed by the Fengtian Clique of warlords and interchangeably officials of the Chiang Kai-shek bureaucracy. During the Qing Dynasty Liaoning was known as the province of Fengtian, and was governed by a zongdu or Viceroy (The Viceroy of the Three Eastern Provinces 东三省总督), along with the provinces of Jilin and Heilongjiang. The province itself also had a governor (xunfu).

List of Communist Party chiefs

List of governors

List of chairmen of Liaoning People's Congress

List of chairmen of Liaoning CPPCC