Peter, Baron Carmeliet (born 8 December 1959) is a Belgian physician and professor at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (Leuven, Belgium). He is also Adjunct Director of the VIB Vesalius Research Center, KU Leuven. Among his research interests are vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In 2016, Carmeliet identified neuron-producing stem cells in the brain. Carmeliet was elected a foreign member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2017. By the number of citations, he is the most cited author of Nature Medicine.

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