Nash & Thompson was a British engineering firm that developed and produced hydraulically operated gun turrets for aircraft. As part of Parnall Aircraft it was also an important manufacturer of hydraulic-powered radar scanners used on radar systems such as H2S and AI Mark VIII. Nash & Thompson also designed the hydraulically-powered turret traversing systems that were used in British Cruiser tanks from the A9 - the first tank with a powered turret traverse - through to the Cromwell.

History

Nash & Thompson was established in 1929 at Kingston upon Thames by business partners Archibald Goodman Frazer Nash and Esmonde Grattan Thompson Nash & Thompson developed the hydraulic gun turrets that Frazer-Nash invented and his designs were consequently numbered in a series prefixed with "FN".

Parnall Aircraft

In May 1935 Parnall Aircraft was formed taking over the George Parnall & Company site at Yate which gave them a skilled workforce, and the Hendy Aircraft Company. Thompson was the managing director and Frazer Nash technical director. Production was to be at Yate while development remained at Tolworth. The company's major competition in the UK at the time was from Boulton & Paul, which had licensed the designs of the French company S.A.M.M. (Societe d'Application des Machines Motrices). The FN turrets used hydraulic power produced by the aircraft's engine: the BP designs used individual hydraulic pumps for each turret supplied from the aircraft's 24-volt electrical system. Bristol also became a major builder of turrets for British aircraft in the following years. Initially other companies such as Vickers and Handley Page took FN control units for fitting in their own turret designs. The importance of Parnall at Yate to British was such that two bomb attacks by Lutwaffe were made on it, the first on 27 February 1941 by KG27's most experienced crew which resulted in 46 deaths and loss of production drawings. In response production was dispersed. Over the course of the war the company workforce reached 8,000 engaged on design, production and maintenance and support. At the end of the war, under the chairmanship of the Earl of Limerick Parnall left the aircraft industry reducing to 1,000 employees at Yate.

Products

Nash & Thompson built a wide range of turrets for aircraft. All were powered hydraulically and carried 0.303-inch (7.7 mm) Vickers K or Browning machine guns, except where noted. Many were built by Parnall Aircraft with which they merged in 1935.

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