Ayatollah Mohammad Mohammadi Gilani (31 August 1929 – 9 July 2014) was a member of the Assembly of Experts of the Islamic Republic of Iran. He was the chief justice of the supreme court of Iran, a position different from the head of the judiciary. Gilani was a judge of Tehran's Islamic Revolutionary Court for 1980–85. Later, he was a member of the Guardian Council between 1986 and 1992. Gilani was one of the judges that handed out death sentences to protestors during the 1981–1982 Iran Massacres. In a press conference, Gilani justified the trials and executions of the young girls. "By the Islamic canon," he stated, "a nine-year-old girl is mature. So there is no difference for us between a nine-year-old girl and a 40-year-old man." Gilani is also known for having signed the death warrants of Baháʼí Faith leaders in the years following the 1979 Islamic Revolution.

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