This list includes well known paradoxes, grouped thematically. The grouping is approximate, as paradoxes may fit into more than one category. This list collects only scenarios that have been called a paradox by at least one source and have their own article in this encyclopedia. These paradoxes may be due to fallacious reasoning (falsidical), or an unintuitive solution (veridical). The term paradox is often used to describe a counter-intuitive result. However, some of these paradoxes qualify to fit into the mainstream viewpoint of a paradox, which is a self-contradictory result gained even while properly applying accepted ways of reasoning. These paradoxes, often called antinomy, point out genuine problems in our understanding of the ideas of truth and description.

Logic

Self–reference

These paradoxes, insolubilia (insolubles), have in common a contradiction arising from either self-reference or circular reference, in which several statements refer to each other in a way that following some of the references leads back to the starting point.

Vagueness

Mathematics

Statistics

Probability

Infinity and infinitesimals

Geometry and topology

Decision theory

Physics

Astrophysics

Classical mechanics

Cosmology

Electromagnetism

Quantum mechanics

Relativity

Thermodynamics

Biology

Health and nutrition

Chemistry

Time travel

Linguistics and artificial intelligence

Philosophy

Mysticism

Economics

One class of paradoxes in economics are the paradoxes of competition, in which behavior that benefits a lone actor would leave everyone worse off if everyone did the same. These paradoxes are classified into circuit, classical and Marx paradoxes.

Perception

Politics

Psychology and sociology

Miscellaneous