A locomotive is a rail transport vehicle that provides the motive power for a train. This list of locomotive builders is ordered by country and includes current and defunct builders. Many of the companies changed names over time; this list attempts to give the most recognisable name, generally the one used for the longest time or during the company's best-known period.

Argentina

Active companies

Defunct companies

Australia

Australia imported its locomotives from the United Kingdom and United States until domestic production began, and even afterwards built many with U.S. and British mechanical equipment.

Active companies

Defunct companies

Azerbaijan

Belgium

Active companies

Defunct companies

Brazil

Bulgaria

Canada

Active companies

Defunct companies

Chile

China

Active companies

Defunct companies

Croatia

Czech Republic

Denmark

Finland

France

Commercial manufacturers

Railway company workshops

Georgia

Germany

Active companies

Defunct companies

Greece

Hungary

India

Indonesia

Iran

Italy

Active companies

Defunct companies

Japan

Latvia

Defunct Companies

Malaysia

Netherlands

Active companies

Defunct companies

New Zealand

Active companies

Defunct companies

North Korea

Pakistan

Philippines

Defunct companies

Poland

Active companies

Defunct companies

Portugal

Romania

Russia

Active Companies

Defunct Companies

Serbia

Slovakia

South Africa

South Korea

Spain

Active companies

Defunct companies

Sweden

Switzerland

Taiwan

Defunct companies

Turkey

Ukraine

United Kingdom

Historically, major railways in the United Kingdom built the vast majority of their locomotives. Commercial locomotive builders were called upon when requirements exceeded the railway works' capacity, but these orders were generally to the railways' own designs. British commercial builders concentrated on industrial users, small railway systems, and to a large extent the export market. British-built locomotives were exported around the world, especially to the British Empire. With the almost total disappearance of British industrial railways, the shrinking of the export market and much reduced demand from Britain's railways, few British locomotive builders survive.

Active companies

Defunct companies

See also:

United States

Active companies

Defunct companies

In addition to these, many railroads operating steam locomotives built locomotives in their shops. Notable examples include the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad's Mount Clare Shops, Norfolk & Western's Roanoke Shops, Pennsylvania Railroad's Altoona Works and the Southern Pacific's Sacramento Shops. An estimate of total steam locomotive production in the United States is about 175,000 engines, including nearly 70,000 by Baldwin.