The following is a list of islands, sorted by population density, and including islands that are connected to other land masses by a route other than sea or air, such as a bridge or a tunnel.

Continental landmasses

Continental landmasses are not usually classified as islands despite being completely surrounded by water. Nevertheless, for the purposes of this list, mainland Australia along with the other major landmasses have been listed as continental landmasses for comparison. The figures are approximations and are for the four major continental landmasses only.

Most densely populated islands (over 1,000 people per km2)

Accurate density estimates for the very small islands (less than 1 km2) are hard to obtain because population as well as landmass are often only estimates. Additionally, the populations of these islands are often highly transient, with many residents also maintaining a residence on a larger landmass and only living on the island seasonally.

Densely populated archipelagos

These archipelagos have a density of over 1,000 /km2, meaning at least one island must have over 1,000 /km2. However, there is no available data for the individual islands.

Other notable islands

Least densely populated islands

There are numerous uninhabited or deserted islands. The largest uninhabited island in the world is Devon Island in Canada. The list contains islands with densities below 0.1 /km2. Note that many of these populations are non-permanent.