The list of IBM products is a partial list of products, services, and subsidiaries of International Business Machines (IBM) Corporation and its predecessor corporations, beginning in the 1890s.

Context

Products, services, and subsidiaries have been offered from International Business Machines (IBM) Corporation and its predecessor corporations since the 1890s. This list comprises those offerings and is eclectic; it includes, for example, the AN/FSQ-7, which was not a product in the sense of offered for sale, but was a product in the sense of manufactured—produced by the labor of IBM. Several machines manufactured for the Astronomical Computing Bureau at Columbia University are included, as are some machines built only as demonstrations of IBM technology. Missing are many RPQs, OEM products (semiconductors, for example), and supplies (punched cards, for example). These products and others are missing simply because no one has added them. IBM sometimes uses the same number for a system and for the principal component of that system. For example, the IBM 604 Calculating Unit is a component of the IBM 604 Calculating Punch. And different IBM divisions used the same model numbers; for example IBM 01 without context clues could be a reference to a keypunch or to IBM's first electric typewriter. Number sequence may not correspond to product development sequence. For example, the 402 tabulator was an improved, modernized 405. IBM uses two naming structures for its modern hardware products. Products are normally given a three- or four-digit machine type and a model number (it can be a mix of letters and numbers). A product may also have a marketing or brand name. For instance, 2107 is the machine type for the IBM System Storage DS8000. While the majority of products are listed here by machine type, there are instances where only a marketing or brand name is used. Care should be taken when searching for a particular product as sometimes the type and model numbers overlap. For instance the IBM storage product known as the Enterprise Storage Server is machine type 2105, and the IBM printing product known as the IBM Infoprint 2105 is machine type 2705, so searching for an IBM 2105 could result in two different products—or the wrong product—being found. IBM introduced the 80-column rectangular hole punched card in 1928. Pre-1928 machine models that continued in production with the new 80-column card format had the same model number as before. Machines manufactured prior to 1928 were, in some cases, retrofitted with 80-column card readers and/or punches thus there existed machines with pre-1928 dates of manufacture that contain 1928 technology. This list is organized by classifications of both machines and applications, rather than by product name. Thus some (few) entries will be duplicated. The 1420, for example, is listed both as a member of the 1401 family and as a machine for Bank and finance. IBM product names have varied over the years; for example these two texts both reference the same product. This article uses the name, or combination of names, most descriptive of the product. Thus the entry for the above is Products of The Tabulating Machine Company can be identified by date, before 1933 when the subsidiaries were merged into IBM.

Unit record equipment

Keypunches and verifiers

Sorters, statistical, and derived machines

Collators

Reproducing punch, summary punch, gang punch, and derived machines

Interpreters

Tabulators, accounting machines, printers

402 and known versions 404 405 and known versions 407 and known versions

Calculators

Time equipment division

IBM manufactured a range of clocks and other devices until 1958 when they sold the Time Equipment Division to Simplex Time Recorder Company (SimplexGrinnell, as of 2001).

Typewriters

Typeball-based

Daisy wheel-based

IBM dictation machines

IBM dictation machines are always referenced by family and model name and never by machine type. In fact the models are sometimes mistakenly taken to be machine types. There are three brand names and several well known models: IBM Executary dictation equipment line (1960-1972). IBM input processing equipment (1972-1975) IBM 6:5 Cartridge System (1975-1981)

Copier/Duplicators

IBM Copiers: Collators (a collator was a feature of a copier, but was sold as a separate machine type): IBM also sold a range of copier supplies including paper rolls (marketed as IBM General Copy Bond), cut sheet paper (marketed as IBM multi-system paper) and toner. The IBM line of Copier/Duplicators, and their associated service contracts, were sold to Eastman Kodak in 1988.

World War II ordnance and related products

Other non-computer products

Computers based on vacuum tubes (1950s)

For these computers most components were unique to a specific computer and are shown here immediately following the computer entry.

Solid-state computers based on discrete transistors (1960s)

Further information: IBM mainframe, IBM minicomputer.

IBM 1400 series: 1240, 1401, 1410, 1420, 1440, 1450, 1460, 7010

IBM 1620

IBM 7030 (Stretch)

IBM 7070 series: 7070, 7072, 7074

IBM 7080

IBM 7090 series: 7040, 7044, 7090, 7094, 7094 II

Later solid-state computers & systems

Computers based on SLT or discrete IC CPUs (1964–1989)

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Computers based on discrete IC CPUs (1990–present)

Computers based on microprocessor CPUs (1981–present)

Computers

Supercomputers

Microprocessors

Solid-state computer peripherals

Punched card and paper tape equipment

Microfilm products

IBM announced a range of Microfilm products in 1963 and 1964 and withdrew them in 1969.

Printer/plotter equipment

Graphics displays

Data storage units

Core storage

Direct-access storage devices

In IBM's terminology beginning with the System/360 disk and such devices featuring short access times were collectively called DASD. The IBM 2321 Data Cell is a DASD that used tape as its storage medium. See also history of IBM magnetic disk drives.

Magnetic tape storage

Optical storage

Storage networking and virtualization

Coprocessor units

Channels and input/output control units

Data communications devices

Power supply/distribution units

Modems

Magnetic ink and optical readers

Other

IBM PC components and peripherals

Embedded systems, application-specific machines/systems

Airline reservation systems

Bank and finance

Computer-aided drafting (CAD)

Word processing

Other document processing

Educational

Government: avionics, computation, command and control, and space systems

Industry and manufacturing

Medical/science/lab equipment

Research/advertising (not product) machines

Retail/point-of-sale (POS)

Telecommunications

Unclassified

Computer software

Some software listings are for software families, not products (Fortran was not a product; Fortran H was a product). Some IBM software products were distributed free (no charge for the software itself, a common practice early in the industry). The term "Program Product" was used by IBM to denote that the software is generally available at an additional charge. Prior to June 1969, the majority of software packages written by IBM were available at no charge to IBM customers; with the June 1969 announcement, new software not designated as "System Control Programming" became Program Products, although existing non-system software remained available for free.

Operating systems

Utilities and languages

Middleware and applications

IBM distributes its diverse collection of software products over several brands; mainly:

Watson Customer Engagement

The Watson Customer Engagement (commonly known as WCE and formerly known as IBM Commerce) business unit supports marketing, commerce, and supply chain software development and product offerings for IBM. Software and solutions offered as part of these three portfolios by WCE are as follows:

Watson Marketing Portfolio

Watson Commerce

Watson Supply Chain

Watsonx

Models

Data centers

Services