This is a list of European species extinct in the Holocene that covers extinctions from the Holocene epoch, a geologic epoch that began about 11,650 years before present (about 9700 BCE) and continues to the present day. This list includes the European continent and its surrounding islands. All large islands in the Mediterranean Sea are included except for Cyprus, which is in the List of Asian animals extinct in the Holocene. The recently extinct animals of the Macaronesian islands in the North Atlantic are listed separately. The three Caucasian republics of Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Armenia are included, even though their territory may fall partially or fully in Asia depending on the definition of Europe considered. Overseas territories, departments, and constituent countries of European countries are not included here; they are found on the lists pertaining to their respective regions. For example, French Polynesia is grouped with Oceania, Martinique is grouped with the West Indies, and Réunion is grouped with Madagascar and the Indian Ocean islands, despite all of them being politically part of France. Many extinction dates are unknown due to a lack of relevant information.

Mammals (class Mammalia)

Elephant-like mammals (order Proboscidea)

Elephants and mammoths (family Elephantidae)

Lagomorphs (order Lagomorpha)

Rabbits and hares (family Leporidae)

Pikas (family Ochotonidae)

Locally extinct

Rodents (order Rodentia)

Hamsters, voles, lemmings, muskrats, and New World rats and mice (family Cricetidae)

Locally extinct

Old World rats and mice (family Muridae)

Dormice (family Gliridae)

Squirrels (family Sciuridae)

True insectivores (order Eulipotyphla)

True shrews (family Soricidae)

Carnivorans (order Carnivora)

Cats (family Felidae)

Locally extinct

Hyenas (family Hyaenidae)

Dogs (family Canidae)

Martens, polecats, otters, badgers, and weasels (family Mustelidae)

Odd-toed ungulates (order Perissodactyla)

Horses and allies (family Equidae)

Locally extinct

Rhinoceroses (family Rhinocerotidae)

Even-toed ungulates (order Artiodactyla)

Right and bowhead whales (family Balaenidae)

Locally extinct

Gray whales (family Eschrichtiidae)

Locally extinct

True deer (family Cervidae)

Locally extinct

Cattle, goats, antelopes, and others (family Bovidae)

Extinct in the wild

Locally extinct

Birds (class Aves)

Rails and cranes (order Gruiformes)

Rails (family Rallidae)

Shorebirds (order Charadriiformes)

Sandpipers (family Scolopacidae)

Auks (family Alcidae)

Buttonquails (family Turnicidae)

Locally extinct

Pelicans, herons, and ibises (order Pelecaniformes)

Ibises and spoonbills (family Threskiornithidae)

Locally extinct

Hawks and relatives (order Accipitriformes)

Hawks, eagles, kites, harriers and Old World vultures (family Accipitridae)

Owls (order Strigiformes)

True owls (family Strigidae)

Locally extinct

Perching birds (order Passeriformes)

Crows and relatives (family Corvidae)

Reptiles (class Reptilia)

Squamates (order Squamata)

Wall lizards (family Lacertidae)

Vipers (family Viperidae)

Ray-finned fish (class Actinopterygii)

Sturgeons and paddlefishes (order Acipenseriformes)

Sturgeons (family Acipenseridae)

Locally extinct

Minnows and allies (order Cypriniformes)

Carps, minnows, and relatives (family Cyprinidae)

Salmon, trout and relatives (order Salmoniformes)

Salmon, trout and relatives (family Salmonidae)

Extinct in the wild

Locally extinct

Lionfishes and sculpins (order Scorpaeniformes)

Sticklebacks (family Gasterosteidae)

Cartilaginous fish (class Chondrichthyes)

Shovelnose rays and allies (order Rhinopristiformes)

Sawfishes (family Pristidae)

Locally extinct

Lampreys and relatives (class Hyperoartia)

Lampreys (order Petromyzontiformes)

Northern lampreys (family Petromyzontidae)

Insects (class Insecta)

Praying mantises (order Mantodea)

Family Amelidae

Bark lice, book lice and parasitic lice (order Psocodea)

Mammal lice (family Trichodectidae)

Possibly extinct

Beetles (order Coleoptera)

Predaceous diving beetles (family Dytiscidae)

Butterflies and moths (order Lepidoptera)

Metalmark butterflies (family Riodinidae)

Cosmet moths (family Cosmopterigidae)

Caddisflies (order Trichoptera)

Net-spinning caddisflies (family Hydropsychidae)

Flies and mosquitos (order Diptera)

Long-legged flies (family Dolichopodidae)

Slugs and snails (class Gastropoda)

Order Littorinimorpha

Mud snails (family Hydrobiidae)

Possibly extinct

Order Stylommatophora

True glass snails (family Zonitidae)

Possibly extinct

Family Parmacellidae

Sea anemones, corals, and zoanthids (class Hexacorallia)

Sea anemones (order Actiniaria)

Family Edwardsiidae

Possibly extinct

Plants (kingdom Plantae)

Order Asterales

Sunflowers (family Asteraceae)

Probably extinct

Order Ericales

Primroses (family Ericales)

Extinct in the wild

Order Poales

Grasses (family Poaceae)

Extinct in the wild