The following sortable table lists land surface elevation extremes by country or dependent territory. Topographic elevation is the vertical distance above the reference geoid, a mathematical model of the Earth's sea level as an equipotential gravitational surface.

Table

National elevation ranges

Of all countries, Lesotho has the world's highest low point at 1,400. m. Other countries with high low points include Rwanda 950. m and Andorra 840. m. Countries with very low high points include Maldives 5. m, Tuvalu, 5. m and the Marshall Islands 10. m. These island countries also have the smallest range between their lowest (sea level) and highest points, and are very sensitive to changes in sea level. The highest and lowest points in China constitute the greatest elevation range within any single country at 9002. m. The elevation ranges are also great in Nepal 8789. m, Pakistan 8611. m, and India 8588. m. Monaco's elevation range is among the greatest relative to surface area. Within its 2.02 km2 territory, there is a difference of 140 m between its highest and lowest points, giving a ratio of 69 m for every km2. In Australia's 7686850 km2 area, there is only a 2244 m difference between the highest and lowest points, which gives a ratio of 292 μm per km2.

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