Northern Europe

Ireland

Scotland

England and Wales

Finland

Estonia

Latvia

Lithuania

Sweden

Southern Europe

Italy

Malta

Greece

The ancient name of bagpipes in Greece is Askavlos (Askos Ασκός means wine skin, Avlos Αυλός is the pipe)

North Macedonia

Gaida (pronounced guy'-da) also known as meshnica (') is the Macedonian name of the bagpipe ('). It's a folk musical wind instrument composed of a bag, with three or four tubes for blowing and playing. The Macedonian bagpipe can be two-voiced or three-voiced, depending on the number of drone elements. The most common are the two-voiced bagpipes. The three-voiced bagpipes have an additional small drone pipe called slagarche (pronounced slagar'-che) (). They can be found in certain parts of Macedonia, most of them in Ovče Pole (). On the territory of Macedonia, there are two variants of the placement of the elements: All bags for these types a bagpipes are made usually from the entire skin of a goat or sheep. The use of donkeyskin has also been reported in the past.

Central and Eastern Europe

Poland

The Balkans

Belarus

Russia

Finno-Ugric Russia

Turkic Russia

Ukraine

Western Europe

France

Spain and Portugal

Gaita is a generic term for "bagpipe" in Castilian (Spanish), Portuguese, Basque, Asturian-Leonese, Galician, Catalan and Aragonese, for distinct bagpipes used across the northern regions of Spain and Portugal and in the Balearic Islands. In the south of Spain and Portugal, the term is applied to a number of other woodwind instruments, a trait that the moroccan ghaita also shares, since it originated in the southern Iberian Peninsula. The gaita finds near-cognates in Eastern European and Balkan countries where it is called gaida and gajdy. Just like the term "Northumbrian smallpipes" or "Great Highland bagpipes", each region attributes its toponym to the respective gaita name. Most of them have a conical chanter with a partial second octave, obtained by overblowing. Folk groups playing these instruments have become popular in recent years, and pipe bands have been formed in some traditions.

Germany

The Low Countries

Switzerland

Austria

West Asia

Turkey

Armenia

Azerbaijan

Georgia

Iran

Bahrain

Arabian Peninsula

North Africa

Egypt

Libya

Tunisia

Algeria

South Asia

India

Non-traditional bagpipes