When the Spanish arrived, they divided Peru into three main regions: the coastal region (11.6% of Peru), that is bounded by the Pacific Ocean; the highlands (28.1% of Peru), that is located on the Andean Heights, and the jungle, that is located on the Amazonian Jungle (Climate of Peru). But Javier Pulgar Vidal (es), a geographer who studied the biogeographic reality of the Peruvian territory for a long time, proposed the creation of eight Natural Regions. In 1941, he presented his thesis "Las Ocho Regiones Naturales del Perú" at the III General Assembly of the Pan-American Institute of Geography and History. These eight Peruvian regions are:

Example: Andes 10°S

Classic version, Amazonic side

Javier Pulgar Vidal's version

The Peruvian geographer Javier Pulgar Vidal divided Peru in 8 regions (traditionally, it was costa, sierra and selva): Map from República del Perú - Instituto Geográfico Nacional

Overview - Amazonic side

Estimated temperatures - Continental Divide

Explanations:

Example: Kallawaya Region, Bolivia

Altitudinal zonation: Kallawaya Region, around Charazani, Bolivia (border to Peru).

Gallery

<Gallery> Image:Peru_veg_1970.png|[Vegetation of Peru](https://bliptext.com/articles/vegetation-of-peru) Image:Amazonriverbasin basemap.png|[Amazon basin](https://bliptext.com/articles/amazon-basin) Image:Lake-Titicaca-Jacques-Nicolas-Bellin-1758.jpg|Watershed around [Lake Titicaca](https://bliptext.com/articles/lake-titicaca), [Arequipa](https://bliptext.com/articles/arequipa), [Puno](https://bliptext.com/articles/puno) and [Cusco](https://bliptext.com/articles/cusco) Image:Peru Provinces Costa Sierra Selva.png|Costa - Sierra - Selva Image:Peru - HotSprings.jpg|[Rupa-Rupa](https://bliptext.com/articles/rupa-rupa) - High Rain forest Image:Yungas03.jpg|Mist forest (2,500 m) Image:ValleColca lou.jpg|[Quechua](https://bliptext.com/articles/quechua-geography) Image:Urubamba_valley1.jpg|[Sacred Valley](https://bliptext.com/articles/sacred-valley) of the Incas between [Písac](https://bliptext.com/articles/p-sac) and [Ollantaytambo](https://bliptext.com/articles/ollantaytambo) (2002) Image:Yungas01.jpg|Mountain slope (4,000 m) Image:Laguna Conococha.jpg|[Lake Quñuqqucha](https://bliptext.com/articles/lake-qu-uqqucha) (4,050 m) Image:Lama guanicoe in Parque Nacional Torres del Paine in Patagonia, Chile.jpg|[Puna](https://bliptext.com/articles/puna-grassland) with shrubs Image:[Parinacota volcano](https://bliptext.com/articles/parinacota-volcano).jpg|[Lauca National Park](https://bliptext.com/articles/lauca-national-park) - [Parinacota volcano](https://bliptext.com/articles/parinacota-volcano) Image:Peru - Altiplano1.jpg|[Region of Ayacucho](https://bliptext.com/articles/region-of-ayacucho), Peru, 1986 - [Puna](https://bliptext.com/articles/puna-grassland) Image:Peru - Altiplano2.jpg|Region of Ayacucho, Peru, 1986 - Puna Image:Qoyllur Rit'i dancers.jpg|[Quyllur Rit'i](https://bliptext.com/articles/qoyllur-rit-i), glacier and alpine desert - 2007 Image:Taulliraju.JPG|[Huáscarán National Park](https://bliptext.com/articles/hu-scar-n-national-park); [Cordillera Blanca](https://bliptext.com/articles/cordillera-blanca); [Tawllirahu](https://bliptext.com/articles/tawllirahu) (5,830 m); North of Lima </Gallery>