The lava shearwater (Puffinus olsoni), or Olson's shearwater, was a species of shearwater that bred on Lanzarote and Fuerteventura in the Canary Islands. It is known from fossil remains, and was only described in 1990. It was intermediate in size between the Manx shearwater and the little shearwater. The remains of the species are particularly common in lava fields. The species is thought to have survived the arrival of the first settlers in the Canary Islands, and become extinct after the arrival of European settlers in the 15th century. It is suspected that the species became extinct due to hunting pressures and possibly the arrival of introduced species such as rats.

[Left and middle: Skull of P. olsoni (above) compared to skull of P. puffinus

Right: Humerus of P. olsoni (left) compared to humerus of P. puffinus (right) | upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Puffinus.png]