The article deals with the biblical and historical kings of the Land of Israel—Abimelech of Sichem, the three kings of the United Kingdom of Israel and those of its successor states, Israel and Judah, followed in the Second Temple period, part of classical antiquity, by the kingdoms ruled by the Hasmonean and Herodian dynasties. The Hebrew Bible describes a succession of kings of a United Kingdom of Israel, and then of divided kingdoms, Israel and Judah. In contemporary scholarship, the united monarchy is debated, due to a lack of archaeological evidence for it. It is generally accepted that a "House of David" existed, but some scholars believe that David could have only been the king or chieftain of Judah, which was likely small, and that the northern kingdom was a separate development. There are some dissenters to this view, including those who support the traditional narrative, and those who support the united monarchy's existence but believe that the Bible contains theological exaggerations.

Overview tables

Kings and prophets

Diagrams, Saul to Zedekiah

Abimelech, son of Gideon

House of Saul

According to the Bible, the Tribes of Israel lived as a confederation under ad hoc charismatic leaders called judges. In around 1020 BCE, under extreme threat from foreign peoples, the tribes united to form the first United Kingdom of Israel. Samuel anointed Saul from the Tribe of Benjamin as the first king.

House of David: united monarchy

Separation into two kingdoms

After Rehoboam reigned three years, the United Kingdom of Israel was divided in two – the northern Kingdom of Israel under Jeroboam, with its capital, first in Shechem, then Penuel, Tirzah, and finally Samaria, and ruled by a series of dynasties beginning with Jeroboam; and the southern Kingdom of Judah with its capital still in Jerusalem and ruled by the House of David. Under Hezekiah's rule in the Kingdom of Judah, the Neo-Assyrian Empire conquered and destroyed the northern kingdom 722 BCE leaving only the southern kingdom of Judah.

Kingdom of Israel (Samaria)

{| class="wikitable" style="align: center;" !Albright !Thiele !Galil !Kitchen !Common/Biblical name !Regnal Name and style ! style="width:30%;" |Notes

The House of Jeroboam

Yarob'am ben Nevat, Melekh Yisra'el Nadav ben Yarob'am, Melekh Yisra'el

The House of Baasha

Ba'sha ben Achiyah, Melekh Yisra'el 'Ela ben Ba'sha, Melekh Yisra'el

The House of Zimri

Zimri, Melekh Yisra'el

The House of Tibni

Tibni, Melekh Yisra'el

The House of Omri

'Omri, Melekh Yisra'el Ach'av ben** 'Omri**, Melekh Yisra'el 'Achazyahu ben 'Ach'av, Melekh Yisra'el Yehoram ben 'Ach'av, Melekh Yisra'el

The House of Jehu

Yehu ben Yehoshafat, Melekh Yisra'el Yeho'achaz ben Yehu, Melekh Yisra'el Yo'ash ben Yeho'achaz, Melekh Yisra'el Yarob'am ben Yo'ash, Melekh Yisra'el Zekharya ben Yarob'am, Melekh Yisra'el

The House of Shallum

Shallum ben Yavesh, Melekh Yisra'el

The House of Menahem (also known as the House of Gadi)

Menachem ben Gadi, Melekh Yisra'el Peqachya ben Menachem, Melekh Yisra'el

The House of Pekah

Peqach ben Remalyahu, Melekh Yisra'el

The House of Hoshea

Hoshea' ben 'Ela, Melekh Yisra'el

Kingdom of Judah

{| class="wikitable" style="align: center;" ! style="width:7%;" |Albright ! style="width:7%;" |Thiele ! style="width:7%;" |Galil ! style="width:7%;" |Kitchen !Common/Biblical name !Regnal Name and style ! style="width:25%;" |Notes

House of David

'Aviyam ben Rechav'am, Melekh Yehudah 'Asa ben 'Aviyam, Melekh Yehudah Yehoshafat ben 'Asa, Melekh Yahudah Yehoram ben Yehoshafat, Melekh Yahudah 'Achazyahu ben Yehoram, Melekh Yehudah

House of Omri

(Queen) 'Atalya bat 'Omri, Malkat Yehudah

House of David

Yeho'ash ben 'Achazyahu, Melekh Yehudah 'Amatzyah ben Yehoash, Melekh Yehudah 'Uzziyahu ben 'Amatzyah, Melekh Yehudah Yotam ben 'Uzziyahu, Melekh Yehudah 'Achaz ben Yotam, Melekh Yehudah Chizeqiyahu ben 'Achaz, Melekh Yehudah Menashe ben Chizeqiyahu, Melekh Yehudah 'Amon ben Menashe, Melekh Yehudah Yo'shiyahu ben 'Amon, Melekh Yehudah Yeho'achaz ben Yo'shiyahu, Melekh Yehudah Yehoyaqim ben Yo'shiyahu, Melekh Yehudah Yehoyakhin ben Yehoyaqim, Melekh Yehudah יכניהו בן-יהויקים מלך יהודה Yekhonyahu ben Yehoyaqim, Melekh Yehudah Tzideqiyahu ben Yo'shiyahu, Melekh Yehudah

Hasmonean Dynasty

{| class="wikitable" style="align: center;" ! style="width:7%;" |Dates !Common name !Name and style ! style="width:25%;" |Notes

Hasmonean Dynasty

King and High Priest of Judaea King and High Priest of Judaea Queen of Judaea King and High Priest of Judaea King and High Priest of Judaea; Ethnarch of Judaea King and High Priest of Judaea

Herodian Dynasty

Family Tree