Josiah James Evans (November 27, 1786 – May 6, 1858) was a United States Senator from South Carolina from 1853 to 1858. Evans was born in Marlborough district in South Carolina and lived most of his life there and in Darlington district, South Carolina. He was a lawyer and judge for many years before becoming a Senator. He died in Washington, D.C., shortly before his first term was to expire. He was a Democrat. During his time in the Senate he was chairman of the committees on auditing the contingency expenses of the Senate and Revolutionary Claims. He is buried near his ancestral home on Society Hill, Darlington County, South Carolina.