James Seaton (May 1822 – 18 November 1882) was a 19th-century member of Parliament from Dunedin, New Zealand. Seaton was born in Sorn, East Ayrshire, Scotland, and was one of the original settlers of Otago. He arrived on board the Philip Laing in 1848. He represented the Caversham electorate from 1875 to 1879, when he retired. He then represented the Peninsula electorate from to 1882, when he died in a horse and buggy accident.