Jacques Mathieu Delpech (1777 – 28 October 1832) was a French surgeon born in Toulouse. He earned his doctorate from the University of Paris in 1801 and spent the next several years as a teacher of anatomy in Toulouse. In 1812 he became a surgeon at Hôtel-Dieu Saint-Eloi in Montpellier, where he remained until his death in 1832. Delpech is best known for his work in orthopedics, and he established a clinic for orthopaedic diseases at Saint-Eloi. There he advocated a surgical process known as "tenotomy" to correct contracture abnormalities of the extremities. He was also a pioneer of skin grafting and rhinoplasty, and is credited for documenting the first rhinoplastic operation in France. Delpech died when he was shot by a patient on 28 October 1832.

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