Mongolia has diplomatic relations with all 192 UN states, the Holy See, the State of Palestine and the European Union. Its geopolitical position is defined by its geographical location, situated between Russia and China, relying on trade with both sides. Officially, it maintains a neutral stance on international matters It has a modest number of missions abroad.

Diplomatic relations

List of countries which Mongolia maintains diplomatic relations with:

Africa

Americas

East Asia

South East Asia

South Asia

Russia, Central Asia and West Asia

Europe

Mongolia seeks closer relations with countries in Europe and hopes to receive most-favoured-nation status from the European Union (EU). During 1991, Mongolia signed investment promotion and protection agreements with Germany and France and an economic cooperation agreement with the United Kingdom. Germany continued former East German cooperative programs and also provided loans and aid.

Oceania

International organisation participation

AsDB, ASEAN (observer), ASEM, CICA, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, NAM, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO, SCO (observer) Mongolia did not join the UN until 1961 because of repeated threats to veto by the Republic of China, which considered Mongolia to be part of its territory (see China and the United Nations). Mongolia has been a member of The Forum of Small States (FOSS) since the group's founding in 1992.