Ernest Chantre (13 January 1843, in Lyon – 24 November 1924, in Écully) was a prominent French archaeologist and anthropologist.

Career

From 1878 to 1910 he was an instructor of geology and anthropology classes at the Muséum de Lyon, and concurrently taught courses in anthropology at the Faculté des Sciences in Lyon (1881–1908). From 1873 to 1888, he was editor of the journal Matériaux pour l'Histoire primitive et naturelle de l'Homme. From 1873 to 1913 he was involved in numerous scientific missions throughout Asia Minor, North Africa, Armenia and the Caucasus region. He was a founding member of the Société de géographie de Lyon (1873) and the Société préhistorique française (1904). He was also a member of the Société géologique de France (from 1867) and the Société linnéenne de Lyon (from 1885). In 1882 the African darter subspecies, Anhinga rufa chantrei was named in his honour by ornithologist Émile Oustalet.

Selected works