This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the world's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds.

Patterns of endemism

This region is notable not just for the high number of endemic species, but for endemism in higher-level taxonomic groupings too.

Order-level endemism

Two orders are endemic to Madagascar or the wider region:

Family-level endemism

The following three families are endemic to Madagascar: One other family is endemic to the wider region:

Subfamily-level endemism

Endemic Bird Areas

In Madagascar, the total wealth of known terrestrial is about 5,800 species (and 2,500 pending description), and 86 percent are endemic to the island.

List of species

Species endemic to Madagascar

The following is a list of species endemic to Madagascar. Note that:

Species endemic to other islands or island groups in the region

The following is a list of species endemic to other islands.

Species endemic to the Mascarene group

Species endemic to the Comoros

Species endemic to central Seychelles

Species endemic to the Aldabra islands

There are native Madagascar turtle doves in the Aldabra group (separate races from those found on Madagascar); they may represent a separate species.

Other species endemic to the region

The following is a list of species which are not endemic to a specific island (or island group) but are endemic to the region as a whole.

Near-endemics

The following is a list of species endemic to the region as breeding species: Two Western Palearctic falcons winter entirely (Eleonora's falcon) or mainly (sooty falcon) on Madagascar.