The districts of Turkmenistan (, sing. etrap) are territorial entities below the provinces of Turkmenistan (, sing. welaýat). They may be counties, cities, or boroughs of cities. The heads of the districts (, translated as "governor" for districts of a welaýat and "mayor" for cities or boroughs of a city) are appointed by the President of Turkmenistan (Constitution of Turkmenistan, Articles 80-81). Regarding cities "with district status", by Turkmen law, "...such cities must have population over 30,000 and be the administrative center of a province (welaýat); headed by a presidentially appointed häkim." Though this officially limits the possible number of such cities to five (the number of provinces), in reality other cities are periodically accorded the status of a district. As of 9 November 2022, 7 cities in Turkmenistan enjoyed the status of districts. One city, the capital city of Ashgabat, enjoys the status of a province. Two cities in Turkmenistan feature subordinate districts headed by mayors. Such districts are best rendered into English as "boroughs" to distinguish them from municipal districts without their own governments, which are also called etraplar in Turkmen (but are called микрорайоны in Russian). Ashgabat has four boroughs and as of November 2022 Turkmenbashy has one.

List of districts by first-level entity

Aşgabat City

See also Map of the Boroughs of Ashgabat As of January 5, 2018, Ashgabat includes four boroughs (uly etraplar): This number is a reduction from the previous number of boroughs.

Ahal Province

Balkan Province

Daşoguz Province

Lebap Province

Mary Province

Cities with "district status"

Under Turkmen law, some cities are granted "district status" ', meaning they are headed by a presidentially appointed mayor ' and control their own budgets. Cities without this status (cities "in a district", ') are headed by a council ' chaired by an arçyn rather than a mayor. Cities in Turkmenistan with district status are:

Ahal Province

Balkan Province

Daşoguz Province

Lebap Province

Mary Province

Abolished districts

These districts no longer exist.