Cuối, known as Thổ, is a dialect cluster spoken by around 70,000 Thổ people in Vietnam and a couple thousand in Laos, mainly in the provinces of Bolikhamsai and Khammouane.

Phonology

Làng Lỡ dialect

Consonants

The consonant inventory of the Làng Lỡ dialect, as cited by Michel Ferlus: ! colspan=2| ! Bilabial ! Labiodental ! Alveolar ! Retroflex ! Palatal ! Velar ! Glottal ! colspan=2| Nasal ! rowspan=3| Plosive ! tenuis ! glottalized ! aspirated ! rowspan=3| Fricative ! voiceless ! voiced ! glottalized ! colspan=2| Approximant

Vowels

! ! Front ! Central ! Back ! Close ! Close-mid/ Mid ! Open-mid/ Open

Tones

There're eight tones in the Làng Lỡ. Tones 1 to 6 are found on sonorant-final syllables (a.k.a. 'live' syllables): syllables ending in a vowel, semi-vowel or nasal. Tones 7 and 8 are found on obstruent-final syllables (a.k.a. 'stopped' syllables), ending in -p -t -c -k. This is a system comparable to that of Vietnamese.

Vocabulary

The data is from Cuoi Cham vocabulary recordings and the Mon-Khmer Etymological Dictionary.