The Communist Party of Persia was an Iranian communist party. Originally established as the Justice Party in 1917 by the former social democrats who supported Baku-based Bolsheviks, it participated in the Communist International in 1919 and was renamed the "Communist Party of Persia" in 1920. Haydar Khan Amo-oghli, one of the leaders of the Persian Constitutional Revolution, was elected as its general secretary. Its foundation came about as a result of the establishment of the Persian Socialist Soviet Republic, earlier that year, by Mirza Kuchik Khan and his Jangali ("Jungle Movement") insurgents. The party was banned in 1921 (coinciding with the defeat of the Persian Socialist Soviet Republic), though members continued activities underground until the foundation of the Tudeh Party of Iran in 1941, which thereafter became the official communist party in the country.