Communist Organisation of India (Marxist–Leninist) was a political organisation in India. COI (ML) was formed in May 1985 through the merger of six different groups; Kanu Sanyal was elected general secretary of COI (ML). COI (ML) participated in elections. In 2003 COI (ML) merged with Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Unity Initiative to form a unified CPI (ML).

National question

COI (ML) held the position that India was multi-national, in which some nationalities dominated the government and suppressed less advanced national groups. The organisation supported the right to self-determination of Jammu & Kashmir, Nagaland and Mizoram.