Caleb Stetson (January 6, 1801 – January 1885) was an American businessman and politician from the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. A Democrat, in 1852 he was elected to serve in the Massachusetts House of Representatives. In the legislature he was the Chairman of the House Committee on Banking. He was a member of the Massachusetts Constitutional Convention of 1853. He was also an early promoter and president of the South Shore Railroad. He lost property in the Great fire of Boston.