{"history":[],"article":{"id":"1a995e79-727e-4870-8b74-34ab4f373c54","title":"Boyle Abbey","slug":"boyle-abbey","content":":::summary\n![The interior of Boyle Abbey, looking east through the nave](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Boyle///Abbey///Nave///1997///09///17.jpg)\n**Name:** Boyle Abbey \n**Native Name:** Mainistir na Búille \n**Native Name Lang:** ga \n**Order:** [Cistercians](https://bliptext.com/articles/cistercians) \n**Founder:** Mac Diarmada family \n**Established:** 1218 \n**Disestablished:** 1592 \n**Diocese:** [Elphin](https://bliptext.com/articles/roman-catholic-diocese-of-elphin) \n**Status:** Inactive \n**Location:** [Boyle](https://bliptext.com/articles/boyle-county-roscommon), [County Roscommon](https://bliptext.com/articles/county-roscommon), Ireland \n**Coordinates:** 53.97361°N, -8.29694°W \n**Map Type:** Ireland \n**Public Access:** Yes \n:::\n\n# \n**[Boyle](https://bliptext.com/articles/boyle-county-roscommon) Abbey** is a ruined Cistercian friary located in [Boyle](https://bliptext.com/articles/boyle-county-roscommon), [County Roscommon](https://bliptext.com/articles/county-roscommon), [Ireland](https://bliptext.com/articles/republic-of-ireland).\nIt was founded by Saint Malachy in the 12th century.\n\n# History\nIn the 12th century, [Saint Malachy](https://bliptext.com/articles/saint-malachy) became aware of two new monastic orders in France, the [Cistercians](https://bliptext.com/articles/cistercians) and the [Augustinians](https://bliptext.com/articles/augustinians), and he decided to introduce both orders to Ireland in an effort to reform the old Irish church which he felt had fallen out of line with much of the rest of Christian Europe.\nThe first Cistercian Abbey was founded at Mellifont, County Louth in 1142.\nSt Malachy made arrangements that young aspirant Irish men who want to become Cistercians should be trained in [St Bernard’s](https://bliptext.com/articles/bernard-of-clairvaux) own [monastery of Clairvaux](https://bliptext.com/articles/clairvaux-abbey) or one of its daughter houses.\nThe Cistercians were invited to found an abbey in [Moylurg](https://bliptext.com/articles/magh-luirg) as a daughter house of Mellifont.\nIn 1148 Peter O’Mordha and twelve companions were sent to [Connaught](https://bliptext.com/articles/connacht). They tried Grellachdinach, Buniffi and Drumcunny before settling at Boyle.\nThe monks being vegetarian required an amount of arable land adjacent to a monastery as well as the facility to be able to channel running water to the establishment.\nThey were offered the Celtic monastery called Eas Mic nEirc or Assylin near a major river crossing called of Ath-Da-Larg or ‘the ford with two forks’, where roads leading north, south, east and west all converged.\nThis monastery had either very few monks or none at all.\nLittle is known of this monastery, beyond two references in the various annals and a visit by Saint Columba in 560. So Taoiseach McGreevy, a local chieftain, negotiated and gave this Celtic monastery in \"pure free and perpetual alms\" (no strings attached) to the Cistercians.\n(Documentary evidence shows that the McGreevy's were still in this district one hundred years later, ca. 1258.)\nThe Cistercians were welcomed and over many years were given land grants of about 50,000 acres (200 km2) scattered west of the River Shannon in 27 out-farms called granges.\nThe Cistercians found the site of Assylin unsuitable owing to its geography, it is a height above the river and eventually built on the present site a few kilometres to the east which was more conducive to their plans which dictated that running water should be on the site for cooking, washing and toilet requirements.\nIt was also more suitable for essential ancillary facilities such as mills and fish ponds, one of which existed until relatively recent times.\nBoyle Abbey was founded in 1161.\nThe monastery prospered in the initial period, they made two foundations: [Knockmoy Abbey](https://bliptext.com/articles/knockmoy-abbey) in [County Galway](https://bliptext.com/articles/county-galway), and [Assaroe Abbey](https://bliptext.com/articles/assaroe-abbey) in [County Donegal](https://bliptext.com/articles/county-donegal).\nIt had been raised to the status of Abbey by 1174.\n However the abbey buildings took much time and were not completed until ca. 1218 when the abbey was consecrated.\nThis was due in part to the events of 1202 when during a war initiated over the succession to the [kingship of Connaught](https://bliptext.com/articles/king-of-connaught), the abbey was occupied and very badly damaged.\nThe evidence for this may be seen in the architecture, with differing styles in various parts of the church.\nThe history continued to be full of incident, in the 1220s Boyle became involved in what was termed ‘The Conspiracy of Mellifont’ when that abbey and its various daughter houses attempted to break away from Norman control. After that was resolved the abbey was attacked on a number of occasions such as 1235 and 1284 .\nHowever with the advent of the various orders of friars in Ireland, the [Franciscans](https://bliptext.com/articles/franciscans), [Dominicans](https://bliptext.com/articles/dominican-order), Augustinians and others, who offered a different style of life, more in keeping with the local culture, the number of lay brothers, who worked the granges, declined and this resulted in many of the granges being leased out.\nThe life of the abbey seems to have gone on as normal, in the late 13th and early 14th centuries its abbots were regularly made [bishops of Elphin](https://bliptext.com/articles/bishop-of-elphin).\nHowever, by the end of the 15th century, the family of the local chieftains appear to have taken control of the abbey, one of their number regularly becoming abbot.\n\nWhen the abbey was suppressed under [Queen Elizabeth](https://bliptext.com/articles/elizabeth-i) and the remaining assets given away, the new owner allowed the Cistercians to remain.\nThe last abbot [Gelasius Ó Cuileanáin](https://bliptext.com/articles/gelasius-cuilean-in) was executed in Dublin in 1580.\n\n# Architecture\nThe monastery was laid out according to the usual Cistercian plan, a church on the north side of a roughly rectangular [cloister](https://bliptext.com/articles/cloister), with a [chapter house](https://bliptext.com/articles/chapter-house) for meetings of the monks on the second side, a kitchen and a refectory on the third, and probably storehouses and dormitory above on the fourth.\nOnly small parts of the cloister survive, as it was turned into a barracks by the [Elizabethans](https://bliptext.com/articles/elizabethan-era) in 1592, and again by the [Cromwellians](https://bliptext.com/articles/cromwellian-conquest-of-ireland) who besieged it in 1645.\nThis, along with possible later stone quarrying, resulted in little of the cloister-garth surviving.\nDespite this, the ruins are impressive, dominated by a squat square tower that was added above the crossing sometime in the thirteenth century.\nThe church adheres to the Cistercian canon in having a nave with side aisles, a [transept](https://bliptext.com/articles/transept) to the north and south of the crossing, each with a pair of chapels in the east wall, and a [chancel](https://bliptext.com/articles/chancel), whose original windows were replaced in the thirteenth century.\nThe design was influenced by styles from [Burgundy](https://bliptext.com/articles/burgundy-region), from whence the Cistercians came to [Ireland](https://bliptext.com/articles/ireland), but much of the detailing of the [nave](https://bliptext.com/articles/nave) and particularly the cylindrical piers of the south [arcade](https://bliptext.com/articles/arcade-architecture) has strong echoes of the [West of England](https://bliptext.com/articles/west-of-england).\nThe decorated [corbels](https://bliptext.com/articles/corbel) and [capitals](https://bliptext.com/articles/capital-architecture) belonging to them were probably carved by local masons, some of them members of the so-called ‘School of the West’, creating some of the most inventive architectural sculpture of the early thirteenth century in the West of Ireland.\n# [Boyle Abbey | upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/12/Abad%C3%ADa///de///Boyle.jpg]\n\n# Today\nThe Abbey is now a [national monument](https://bliptext.com/articles/national-monument-ireland) in state care.\nAdmission is inexpensive, with a family pass costing only 16 euro.\nIt is located in [Boyle, County Roscommon](https://bliptext.com/articles/boyle-county-roscommon).\n\n# Australian connection.\nA small piece of stone from the Abbey was carried to the other side of the world and placed on the monumental headstone of an Irishman Bartholomew Higgins in the [Rookwood Necropolis](https://bliptext.com/articles/rookwood-necropolis) in [Sydney, Australia](https://bliptext.com/articles/sydney-australia).\n\n## Sources","current_revision":null,"created_by":"kACnuQmH5k9Nr5VNVEpVeg7XpvUmMctD","created_at":"2025-01-26T08:52:32.689Z","updated_at":"2025-01-26T08:52:32.689Z","search_vector":"'abbey':2 'boyl':1","search_content":" \n \n**Name:** Boyle Abbey \n**Native Name:** Mainistir na Búille \n**Native Name Lang:** ga \n**Order:** [Cistercians](https://bliptext.com/articles/cistercians) \n**Founder:** Mac Diarmada family \n**Established:** 1218 \n**Disestablished:** 1592 \n**Diocese:** [Elphin](https://bliptext.com/articles/roman-catholic-diocese-of-elphin) \n**Status:** Inactive \n**Location:** [Boyle](https://bliptext.com/articles/boyle-county-roscommon), [County Roscommon](https://bliptext.com/articles/county-roscommon), Ireland \n**Coordinates:** 53.97361°N, -8.29694°W \n**Map Type:** Ireland \n**Public Access:** Yes \n \n\n# \n**[Boyle](https://bliptext.com/articles/boyle-county-roscommon) Abbey** is a ruined Cistercian friary located in [Boyle](https://bliptext.com/articles/boyle-county-roscommon), [County Roscommon](https://bliptext.com/articles/county-roscommon), [Ireland](https://bliptext.com/articles/republic-of-ireland).\nIt was founded by Saint Malachy in the 12th century.\n\n# History\nIn the 12th century, [Saint Malachy](https://bliptext.com/articles/saint-malachy) became aware of two new monastic orders in France, the [Cistercians](https://bliptext.com/articles/cistercians) and the [Augustinians](https://bliptext.com/articles/augustinians), and he decided to introduce both orders to Ireland in an effort to reform the old Irish church which he felt had fallen out of line with much of the rest of Christian Europe.\nThe first Cistercian Abbey was founded at Mellifont, County Louth in 1142.\nSt Malachy made arrangements that young aspirant Irish men who want to become Cistercians should be trained in [St Bernard’s](https://bliptext.com/articles/bernard-of-clairvaux) own [monastery of Clairvaux](https://bliptext.com/articles/clairvaux-abbey) or one of its daughter houses.\nThe Cistercians were invited to found an abbey in [Moylurg](https://bliptext.com/articles/magh-luirg) as a daughter house of Mellifont.\nIn 1148 Peter O’Mordha and twelve companions were sent to [Connaught](https://bliptext.com/articles/connacht). They tried Grellachdinach, Buniffi and Drumcunny before settling at Boyle.\nThe monks being vegetarian required an amount of arable land adjacent to a monastery as well as the facility to be able to channel running water to the establishment.\nThey were offered the Celtic monastery called Eas Mic nEirc or Assylin near a major river crossing called of Ath-Da-Larg or ‘the ford with two forks’, where roads leading north, south, east and west all converged.\nThis monastery had either very few monks or none at all.\nLittle is known of this monastery, beyond two references in the various annals and a visit by Saint Columba in 560. So Taoiseach McGreevy, a local chieftain, negotiated and gave this Celtic monastery in \"pure free and perpetual alms\" (no strings attached) to the Cistercians.\n(Documentary evidence shows that the McGreevy's were still in this district one hundred years later, ca. 1258.)\nThe Cistercians were welcomed and over many years were given land grants of about 50,000 acres (200 km2) scattered west of the River Shannon in 27 out-farms called granges.\nThe Cistercians found the site of Assylin unsuitable owing to its geography, it is a height above the river and eventually built on the present site a few kilometres to the east which was more conducive to their plans which dictated that running water should be on the site for cooking, washing and toilet requirements.\nIt was also more suitable for essential ancillary facilities such as mills and fish ponds, one of which existed until relatively recent times.\nBoyle Abbey was founded in 1161.\nThe monastery prospered in the initial period, they made two foundations: [Knockmoy Abbey](https://bliptext.com/articles/knockmoy-abbey) in [County Galway](https://bliptext.com/articles/county-galway), and [Assaroe Abbey](https://bliptext.com/articles/assaroe-abbey) in [County Donegal](https://bliptext.com/articles/county-donegal).\nIt had been raised to the status of Abbey by 1174.\n However the abbey buildings took much time and were not completed until ca. 1218 when the abbey was consecrated.\nThis was due in part to the events of 1202 when during a war initiated over the succession to the [kingship of Connaught](https://bliptext.com/articles/king-of-connaught), the abbey was occupied and very badly damaged.\nThe evidence for this may be seen in the architecture, with differing styles in various parts of the church.\nThe history continued to be full of incident, in the 1220s Boyle became involved in what was termed ‘The Conspiracy of Mellifont’ when that abbey and its various daughter houses attempted to break away from Norman control. After that was resolved the abbey was attacked on a number of occasions such as 1235 and 1284 .\nHowever with the advent of the various orders of friars in Ireland, the [Franciscans](https://bliptext.com/articles/franciscans), [Dominicans](https://bliptext.com/articles/dominican-order), Augustinians and others, who offered a different style of life, more in keeping with the local culture, the number of lay brothers, who worked the granges, declined and this resulted in many of the granges being leased out.\nThe life of the abbey seems to have gone on as normal, in the late 13th and early 14th centuries its abbots were regularly made [bishops of Elphin](https://bliptext.com/articles/bishop-of-elphin).\nHowever, by the end of the 15th century, the family of the local chieftains appear to have taken control of the abbey, one of their number regularly becoming abbot.\n \nWhen the abbey was suppressed under [Queen Elizabeth](https://bliptext.com/articles/elizabeth-i) and the remaining assets given away, the new owner allowed the Cistercians to remain.\nThe last abbot [Gelasius Ó Cuileanáin](https://bliptext.com/articles/gelasius-cuilean-in) was executed in Dublin in 1580. \n\n# Architecture\nThe monastery was laid out according to the usual Cistercian plan, a church on the north side of a roughly rectangular [cloister](https://bliptext.com/articles/cloister), with a [chapter house](https://bliptext.com/articles/chapter-house) for meetings of the monks on the second side, a kitchen and a refectory on the third, and probably storehouses and dormitory above on the fourth.\nOnly small parts of the cloister survive, as it was turned into a barracks by the [Elizabethans](https://bliptext.com/articles/elizabethan-era) in 1592, and again by the [Cromwellians](https://bliptext.com/articles/cromwellian-conquest-of-ireland) who besieged it in 1645.\nThis, along with possible later stone quarrying, resulted in little of the cloister-garth surviving.\nDespite this, the ruins are impressive, dominated by a squat square tower that was added above the crossing sometime in the thirteenth century.\nThe church adheres to the Cistercian canon in having a nave with side aisles, a [transept](https://bliptext.com/articles/transept) to the north and south of the crossing, each with a pair of chapels in the east wall, and a [chancel](https://bliptext.com/articles/chancel), whose original windows were replaced in the thirteenth century.\nThe design was influenced by styles from [Burgundy](https://bliptext.com/articles/burgundy-region), from whence the Cistercians came to [Ireland](https://bliptext.com/articles/ireland), but much of the detailing of the [nave](https://bliptext.com/articles/nave) and particularly the cylindrical piers of the south [arcade](https://bliptext.com/articles/arcade-architecture) has strong echoes of the [West of England](https://bliptext.com/articles/west-of-england).\nThe decorated [corbels](https://bliptext.com/articles/corbel) and [capitals](https://bliptext.com/articles/capital-architecture) belonging to them were probably carved by local masons, some of them members of the so-called ‘School of the West’, creating some of the most inventive architectural sculpture of the early thirteenth century in the West of Ireland.\n# [Boyle Abbey | upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/12/Abad%C3%ADa///de///Boyle.jpg]\n\n# Today\nThe Abbey is now a [national monument](https://bliptext.com/articles/national-monument-ireland) in state care.\nAdmission is inexpensive, with a family pass costing only 16 euro.\nIt is located in [Boyle, County Roscommon](https://bliptext.com/articles/boyle-county-roscommon).\n\n# Australian connection.\nA small piece of stone from the Abbey was carried to the other side of the world and placed on the monumental headstone of an Irishman Bartholomew Higgins in the [Rookwood Necropolis](https://bliptext.com/articles/rookwood-necropolis) in [Sydney, Australia](https://bliptext.com/articles/sydney-australia).\n\n## Sources","revisionCount":0},"hasMore":false,"nextCursor":null}