Adolf Kussmaul (22 February 1822 – 28 May 1902) was a German physician and a leading clinician of his time. He was born as the son and grandson of physicians at Graben near Karlsruhe and studied at Heidelberg. He entered the army after graduation and spent two years as an army surgeon. This was followed by a period as a general practitioner before he went to Würzburg to study for his doctorate under Virchow. He was subsequently Professor of Medicine at Heidelberg (1857), Erlangen (1859), Freiburg (1859) and Straßburg (1876). Beyond his medical skills he was also active in literature. He is regarded as one of the creators of the term Biedermeier, an art movement. He died in Heidelberg.

Eponymous terms

His name continues to be used in eponyms. He described two medical signs and one disease which have eponymous names that remain in use: The following eponymous terms are considered archaic:

Firsts