Defending champion Rafael Nadal defeated Roger Federer in the final, 1–6, 6–1, 6–4, 7–6(7–4) to win the men's singles tennis title at the 2006 French Open. It was his second French Open title and second major title overall. It was the first of three consecutive years Nadal and Federer would contest the French Open final. This marked Federer's first defeat in a major final; he was attempting to complete the career Grand Slam and to become the first man since Rod Laver in 1969 to hold all four major titles at once, having won the preceding Wimbledon, US Open and Australian Open titles. The latter feat would ultimately be achieved a decade later by Novak Djokovic, at the same tournament, who here reached the quarterfinals at a major for the first time. The tournament marked the first appearance of future US Open champion Juan Martín del Potro in a major main draw. It also saw the first match contested between Djokovic and Nadal, who would go on to play an Open Era record 60 matches against each other.

Seeds

• Roger Federer (final) • 🇪🇸 Rafael Nadal (champion) • 🇦🇷 David Nalbandian (semifinals, retired because of a strained abdominal muscle) • Ivan Ljubičić (semifinals) • 🇺🇸 Andy Roddick (first round, retired because of a left ankle injury) • 🇷🇺 Nikolay Davydenko (quarterfinals) • 🇪🇸 Tommy Robredo (fourth round) • 🇺🇸 James Blake (third round) • Fernando González (second round) • 🇦🇷 Gastón Gaudio (fourth round) • 🇨🇿 Radek Štěpánek (third round) • Mario Ančić (quarterfinals) • 🇩🇪 Nicolas Kiefer (third round, retired because of a left wrist injury) • 🇦🇺 Lleyton Hewitt (fourth round) • 🇪🇸 David Ferrer (third round) • 🇫🇮 Jarkko Nieminen (first round, retired because of a stomach problem) • 🇺🇸 Robby Ginepri (first round) • 🇸🇪 Thomas Johansson (first round) • 🇨🇾 Marcos Baghdatis (second round) • 🇨🇿 Tomáš Berdych (fourth round) • 🇫🇷 Sébastien Grosjean (second round) • 🇸🇰 Dominik Hrbatý (third round) • 🇩🇪 Tommy Haas (third round) • 🇪🇸 Juan Carlos Ferrero (third round) • 🇫🇷 Gaël Monfils (fourth round) • 🇦🇷 José Acasuso (second round) • 🇧🇪 Olivier Rochus (third round) • 🇪🇸 Fernando Verdasco (second round) • 🇫🇷 Paul-Henri Mathieu (third round) • 🇪🇸 Carlos Moyá (third round) • 🇷🇺 Dmitry Tursunov (third round) • Nicolás Massú (third round)

Qualifying

Draw

Finals

Top half

Section 1

Section 2

Section 3

Section 4

Bottom half

Section 5

Section 6

Section 7

Section 8