The 2006 Fed Cup was the 44th edition of the most important competition between national teams in women's tennis. The final took place at Spiroudome in Charleroi, Belgium, on 16–17 September. The home team, Belgium, lost to Italy, 2–3, giving Italy their first title in their first final and Belgium's second final.

World Group

Draw

World Group play-offs

The four losing teams in the World Group first round ties (Austria, France, Germany and Russia), and four winners of the World Group II ties (China, Croatia, Czech Republic and Japan) entered the draw for the World Group play-offs. Date: 15–16 July

World Group II

The World Group II was the second highest level of Fed Cup competition in 2006. Winners will advance to the World Group play-offs, and losers played in the World Group II play-offs. Date: 22–23 April

World Group II play-offs

The four losing teams from World Group II (Argentina, Indonesia, Switzerland and Thailand) played off against qualifiers from Zonal Group I. Two teams qualified from Europe/Africa Zone (Israel and Slovakia), one team from the Asia/Oceania Zone (Australia), and one team from the Americas Zone (Canada). Date: 14–15 July

Americas Zone

Group I

Venue: Club Campestre de Medellín, Medellín, Colombia (outdoor clay) Dates: 19–22 April

Group II

Venue: Parque del Este, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic (outdoor hard) Dates: 18–20 April

Asia/Oceania Zone

Group I

Venue: Olympic Park, Seoul, South Korea (outdoor hard) Dates: 20–22 April

Group II

Venue: Olympic Park, Seoul, South Korea (outdoor hard) Dates: 20–21 April

Europe/Africa Zone

Group I

Venue: TC Lokomotiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria (outdoor clay) Dates: 17–22 April

Group II

Venue: Club Ali Bey, Manavgat, Antalya, Turkey (outdoor clay) Dates: 26–29 April

Group III

Venue: Club Ali Bey, Manavgat, Antalya, Turkey (outdoor clay) Dates: 26–29 April

Rankings

The rankings were measured after the three points during the year that play took place, and were collated by combining points earned from the previous four years.