The 1977–78 European Cup was the 13th edition of the European Cup, IIHF's premier European club ice hockey tournament. The season started on September 27, 1977 and was finished except for the final on September 3, 1978. The final was played on August 29, 1979, as part of the final stage of the following season's European Cup. The tournament was won by CSKA Moscow, who beat Poldi Kladno in the final.

First round

🇫🇮 Tappara, 🇸🇪 Brynäs IF : bye

Second round

Third round

Poldi Kladno : bye

Fourth round

Dynamo Berlin : bye

Semifinals

CSKA Moscow : bye

Final

The final had not been played in 1978. When the teams met in the final stage of the 1978–79 IIHF European Cup, they agreed to also count their match for the 1977−78 cup. It was the final and deciding match of the 1978–79 cup as well.