The 1854–55 United States House of Representatives elections were held in 31 states for all 234 seats between August 4, 1854, and November 6, 1855, during President Franklin Pierce's term. Each state legislature separately set a date to elect representatives to the House of Representatives before the 34th Congress convened its first session on December 3, 1855. This midterm election was among the most disruptive in American history, auguring the collapse of the Second Party System. Both major parties, the Democratic Party and the Whig Party lost critical voter support. The two parties had been organized as rivals for roughly 20 years. Northern voters strongly opposed to the Kansas–Nebraska Act shifted sharply against the Democrats. The Whigs also lost seats as the party disintegrated over the issue of slavery in the United States. The elected majority temporarily coalesced as the Opposition Party. This transitional party included Whigs, Free Soil members, American Party members or Know Nothings, the People's Party of Indiana, Anti-Nebraska candidates, disaffected Northern Democrats, and members of the nascent Republican Party, which soon would absorb most of these factions and replace the Whigs to rival the Democrats. Candidates opposed to the Democratic Party won widely in the Northern United States through November 1854. The American Party, ignoring slavery and opposing immigration (particularly by Catholics from Ireland and Germany) won seats from both major parties, but to the net loss of Democrats, in New England and the Southern United States from November 1854 into 1855. Congress had passed the Kansas–Nebraska Act in May 1854 after aggressive sponsorship by the Pierce Administration and Democrats led by Senator Stephen Douglas, including radical pro-slavery legislators. The Act repealed the 1820 Missouri Compromise and triggered the Bleeding Kansas conflict. With widely foreseen risks and immediately negative results, the act publicly discredited the Democratic Party, fueling new partisan and sectional rancor. It created violent uncertainty on the Western frontier by abruptly making slavery potentially legal in territories originally comprising the northern portion of the Louisiana Purchase and attractive to contemporary settlers. Settlers were expected to determine the status of slavery locally. This idea appealed to Democratic politicians and to some voters, but proved unworkable in Kansas where the status of slavery would be violently disputed between more numerous Northern settlers and geographically closer Southern settlers. Even some proslavery legislators and voters, particularly Southern Whigs, felt that repealing the Missouri Compromise was politically reckless. Attempting to push slavery by law and force into territories where most settlers predictably were unlikely to want it was perceived as endangering slavery everywhere, even in the South. These fears proved prescient. More than 21 representatives vied for the post of speaker of the House. After two months and 133 ballots, American Party representative Nathaniel Banks of Massachusetts, also a Free Soiler, defeated Democrat William Aiken of South Carolina by plurality, 103–100. To date, Banks is the only speaker to come from a third party.

Election summaries

Special elections

There were four special elections to the 33rd United States Congress, listed here by date and district. ! PA's 8th congressional district New member elected February 4, 1854. Democratic hold. William H. Keim (Whig) 39.99% ! MA's 1st congressional district New member elected April 17, 1854. Whig hold. Abraham H. Howland (Independent) 47.96% ! NY's 12th congressional district New member elected November 7, 1854. Whig gain. Samuel Morse (Soft-Shell Dem.) 31.27% Charles Robinson (Hard-Shell Dem.) 18.17% ! KY's 3rd congressional district New member elected November 13, 1854. Whig hold. A. J. Halberson (Unknown) 18.42%

Alabama

! AL's 1st congressional district Know Nothing gain. James A. Stallworth (Democratic) 47.60% ! AL's 2nd congressional district Democratic gain. Julius C. Alford (Know Nothing) 45.11% ! AL's 3rd congressional district Thomas H. Watts (Know Nothing) 47.80% ! AL's 4th congressional district Know Nothing gain. Sydenham Moore (Democratic) 40.17% ! AL's 5th congressional district unopposed ! AL's 6th congressional district James M. Adams (Independent) 37.13% ! AL's 7th congressional district

Arkansas

! AR's 1st congressional district W. C. Myrtle (Independent) 2.01% ! AR's 2nd congressional district Democratic hold. E. G. Walker (Whig) 32.9%

California

Note: From statehood to 1864, California's representatives were elected at-large, with the top two vote-getters winning election from 1849 to 1858. ! rowspan=2 | CA At-large 2 seats Democratic hold. ✅ Philemon T. Herbert (anti-Broderick Democratic) 22.24% George Washington Bowie (Whig) 21.14% Calhoun Benham (Whig) 20.94% James Churchman (Broderick Democratic) 6.09% James A. McDougall (Broderick Democratic) 6.07% Milton S. Latham (Broderick Democratic) 1.12% Democratic hold.

Connecticut

! CT's 1st congressional district Know Nothing gain. James T. Pratt (Democratic) 47.6% ! CT's 2nd congressional district Know Nothing gain. Samuel Arnold (Democratic) 44.4% ! CT's 3rd congressional district Know Nothing gain. Joel W. White (Democratic) 32.4% ! CT's 4th congressional district Know Nothing gain. William H. Noble (Democratic) 43.8%

Delaware

! DE At-large Know Nothing gain. George R. Riddle (Democratic) 48.15%

[Delaware's result by county, {{legend|#dd55ff|Cullen—50-60%|undefined | upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/38/1854///Delaware///House.png]

Florida

! FL At-large Thomas Brown (Whig) 44.74%

Georgia

! GA's 1st congressional district Samuel Varnadoe (Know Nothing) 42.38% ! GA's 2nd congressional district Democratic hold. Willis Hawkins (Know Nothing) 48.01% ! GA's 3rd congressional district Know Nothing gain. James Milton Smith (Democratic) 46.03% ! GA's 4th congressional district Democratic hold. Benjamin Harvey Hill (Know Nothing) 49.74% ! GA's 5th congressional district Democratic hold. Lewis Tumblin (Know Nothing) 41.39% ! GA's 6th congressional district Democratic hold. Leonidas Franklin (Know Nothing) 36.22% ! GA's 7th congressional district Know Nothing gain. Linton Stephens (Democratic) 48.87% ! GA's 8th congressional district Democratic gain.

Illinois

! IL's 1st congressional district William M. Jackson (Democratic) 22.99% E. P. Ferry (Anti-Nebraska) 7.68% ! IL's 2nd congressional district Republican gain. Robert S. Blackwell (Whig) 19.84% John B. Turner (Democratic) 19.48% Edward L. Mayo (Anti-Nebraska) 7.63% ! IL's 3rd congressional district John A. Drake (Democratic) 37.24% ! IL's 4th congressional district William McMurtry (Democratic) 42.79% ! IL's 5th congressional district Archibald Williams (Republican) 47.62% ! IL's 6th congressional district Democratic gain. Richard Yates (Whig) 49.50% ! IL's 7th congressional district Election disqualified. Democratic loss. William Beatty Archer (Whig) 50.00% ! IL's 8th congressional district Democratic gain. Philip Bond Fouke (Democratic) 40.13% ! IL's 9th congressional district Democratic hold. G. Jay S. Turney (Republican) 22.15% DeWitt C. Barber (Unknown) 9.71% A. Grow (Unknown) 2.05% S. A. Rowan (Unknown) 1.42%

Indiana

! IN's 1st congressional district Sam Hall (People's) 47.85% ! IN's 2nd congressional district Thomas C. Slaught (People's) 48.30% ! IN's 3rd congressional district People's gain. Cyrus L. Dunham (Democratic) 45.47% ! IN's 4th congressional district People's gain. William G. Holman (Democratic) 48.08% ! IN's 5th congressional district People's gain. J. J. Buckles (Democratic) 35.76% ! IN's 6th congressional district People's gain. Thomas A. Hendricks (Democratic) 48.59% ! IN's 7th congressional district People's gain. John G. Davis (Democratic) 47.42% ! IN's 8th congressional district People's gain. James Davis (Democratic) 43.08% ! IN's 9th congressional district People's gain. Norman Eddy (Democratic) 45.15% ! IN's 10th congressional district People's gain. Ebenezer M. Chamberlain (Democratic) 44.00% ! IN's 11th congressional district People's gain. James R. Slack (Democratic) 43.41%

Iowa

! IA's 1st congressional district Democratic hold. R. L. Clark (Whig) 49.50% J. L. Ashbaugh (Independent) 0.23% ! IA's 2nd congressional district Whig hold. Stephen P. Hempstead (Democratic) 46.09% Augustus Hall (Independent) 0.57%

Kentucky

! KY's 1st congressional district Democratic hold. Hughes (Know Nothing) 38.23% ! KY's 2nd congressional district Know Nothing gain. Samuel Peyton (Democratic) 44.70% ! KY's 3rd congressional district James P. Bates (Democratic) 43.12% ! KY's 4th congressional district Fountain T. Fox (Know Nothing) 49.94% ! KY's 5th congressional district C. G. Wintersmith (Whig) 48.37% ! KY's 6th congressional district George W. Dunlap (Know Nothing) 45.20% ! KY's 7th congressional district William Preston (Whig) 38.71% ! KY's 8th congressional district James O. Harrison (Democratic) 44.02% ! rowspan=2 | KY's 9th congressional district Richard H. Stanton (Democratic) 44.94% ! KY's 10th congressional district Henry C. Harris (Democratic) 48.28%

Louisiana

! LA's 1st congressional district Albert Fabre (Democratic) 46.60% ! LA's 2nd congressional district Theodore G. Hunt (Know Nothing) 48.46% ! LA's 3rd congressional district Preston Pond Jr. (Know Nothing) 49.38% ! LA's 4th congressional district William B. Lewis (Know Nothing) 41.95%

Maine

! ME's 1st congressional district Republican gain. Samuel Wells (Democratic) 39.91% Lorenzo D. Wilkinson (Independent) 0.74% ! ME's 2nd congressional district Republican gain. William K. Kimball (Democratic) 42.46% Charles J. Gilman (Independent) 0.66% ! ME's 3rd congressional district Republican gain. Jonathan G. Dickerson (Democratic) 30.78% E. Wilder Farley (Whig) 25.28% ! ME's 4th congressional district George Rogers (Democratic) 22.95% ! ME's 5th congressional district Samuel H. Blake (Democratic) 36.91% ! ME's 6th congressional district James A. Milliken (Republican) 38.74% Noah Smith (Whig) 18.88%

Maryland

! MD's 1st congressional district John Dennis (Know Nothing) 48.73% ! MD's 2nd congressional district Jacob Shower (Democratic) 43.42% ! MD's 3rd congressional district Joshua Van Sant (Democratic) 49.79% ! MD's 4th congressional district William T. Hamilton (Democratic) 47.64% ! MD's 5th congressional district Henry May (Democratic) 48.40% ! MD's 6th congressional district William Watkins (Know Nothing) 46.07%

Massachusetts

! MA's 1st congressional district Know Nothing gain. Thomas D. Eliot (Whig) 26.63% Abraham H. Rowland (Democratic) 9.66% ! MA's 2nd congressional district Know Nothing gain. Samuel L. Crocker (Whig) 16.20% Charles R. Vickery (Democratic) 9.01% Gersham B. Weston (Free Soil) 6.55% ! MA's 3rd congressional district Know Nothing gain. Nathaniel F. Safford (Whig) 16.67% Edward Avery (Democratic) 5.38% Arthur W. Austin (Independent) 2.26% ! MA's 4th congressional district Know Nothing gain. Samuel H. Walley (Whig) 32.00% Samuel R. Skinner (Democratic) 10.55% ! MA's 5th congressional district Know Nothing gain. William Appleton (Whig) 32.12% William Parmenter (Democratic) 6.24% ! MA's 6th congressional district Know Nothing gain. Charles W. Upham (Whig) 28.44% Nathaniel J. Lord (Democratic) 5.57% George Hood (Independent) 0.59% ! MA's 7th congressional district Know Nothing gain. Luther Bell (Whig) 20.43% Bowen Buckman (Democratic) 6.04% ! MA's 8th congressional district Know Nothing gain. Tappan Wentworth (Whig) 31.88% Daniel Needham (Democratic) 5.32% ! MA's 9th congressional district Know Nothing gain. Isaac Davis (Democratic) 13.36% Ira M. Barton (Whig) 7.45% Alfred Mowrey (Independent) 1.42% William P. Marble (Independent) 0.46% Scattering 0.34% ! MA's 10th congressional district Know Nothing gain. Edward Dickinson (Whig) 23.33% Stephen C. Bemis (Democratic) 11.32% ! MA's 11th congressional district John Z. Goodrich (Whig) 30.42% Whiting Griswold (Democratic) 19.06%

Michigan

! MI's 1st congressional district Republican gain. David Stuart (Democratic) 46.90% ! MI's 2nd congressional district Republican gain. David A. Noble (Democratic) 42.33% ! MI's 3rd congressional district Republican gain. Samuel Clark (Democratic) 55.83% ! MI's 4th congressional district Democratic hold. Moses Wisner (Republican) 46.75%

Mississippi

! MS's 1st congressional district J. H. Taylor (Know Nothing) 44.5% ! MS's 2nd congressional district Democratic hold. L. E. Houston (Know Nothing) 48.4% ! MS's 3rd congressional district Redistricted from the MS's at-large congressional district Joseph B. Cobb (Know Nothing) 44.5% ! MS's 4th congressional district Redistricted from the MS's 3rd congressional district Know Nothing gain. Otho R. Singleton (Democratic) 49.2% ! MS's 5th congressional district Democratic gain. Giles M. Hillyer (Know Nothing) 40.6%

Missouri

! MO's 1st congressional district Whig gain. Thomas Hart Benton (Benton Democratic) 45.84% ! MO's 2nd congressional district Whig gain. Tully Cornick (Benton Democratic) 45.86% ! MO's 3rd congressional district Augustus W. Fournoy (Democratic) 47.54% ! MO's 4th congressional district S.L. Leonard (Democratic) 34.21% Shelton J. Howe (Benton Democratic) 19.08% J. F. Pitt (Ind. Whig) 4.76% ! MO's 5th congressional district Thomas L. Price (Benton Democratic) 35.50% Warwick Hough (Democratic) 18.38% ! MO's 6th congressional district Waldo P. Johnson (Benton Democratic) 48.90% ! MO's 7th congressional district Charles Jones (Democratic) 41.15%

New Hampshire

! NH's 1st congressional district Know Nothing gain. George W. Kittredge (Democratic) ! NH's 2nd congressional district Know Nothing gain. George W. Morrison (Democratic) ! NH's 3rd congressional district Know Nothing gain.

New Jersey

! NJ's 1st congressional district Thomas W. Mulford (Democratic) 30.02% John W. Hazelton (Temperance) 27.05% ! NJ's 2nd congressional district Nathaniel S. Rue (Democratic) 42.44% ! NJ's 3rd congressional district Samuel Lilly (Democratic) 45.65% ! NJ's 4th congressional district Peter Osborne (Anti-Nebraska) 48.35% ! NJ's 5th congressional district John Darcy (Democratic) 45.58%

New York

! NY's 1st congressional district Know Nothing gain. Daniel B. Allen (Hard Shell Democratic) 20.49% Harvey W. Vail (Whig) 19.81% Frederick Lord (Soft Shell Democratic) 16.48% Gabriel P. Disosway (Temperance) 11.40% ! NY's 2nd congressional district Whig gain. George Taylor (Democratic) 49.02% ! NY's 3rd congressional district Whig gain. George D. Clinton (Hard Shell Democratic) 30.70% William Miner (Soft Shell Democratic) 20.24% ! NY's 4th congressional district Democratic hold. Michael Walsh (Hard Shell Democratic) 40.30% Sanford L. Macomber (Whig) 10.89% John W. Boyce (Know Nothing) 8.27% ! NY's 5th congressional district Know Nothing gain. George H. Andrews (Whig) 25.71% Phillip Hamilton (Hard Shell Democratic) 25.27% Abraham J. Berry (Soft Shell Democratic) 18.16% ! NY's 6th congressional district John M. Murphy (Soft Shell Democratic) 25.61% Charles H. Marshall (Whig) 22.81% ! NY's 7th congressional district Whig gain. William D. Kennedy (Democratic) 43.71% ! NY's 8th congressional district Whig gain. James L. Curtis (Hard Shell Democratic) 32.52% Edward B. Fellows (Soft Shell Democratic) 15.61% ! NY's 9th congressional district Whig gain. Benjamin Brandreth (Hard Shell Democratic) 19.64% James R. Whiting (Hard Shell Democratic) 15.04% Jared V. Peck (Anti-Nebraska Democratic) 2.95% Benjamin V. Bailey (Independent) 2.82% ! NY's 10th congressional district Whig gain. Charles S. Woodworth (Hard Shell Democratic) 38.59% Jonathan Stratton (Soft Shell Democratic) 17.36% ! NY's 11th congressional district Whig gain. Elisha P. Strong (Democratic) 37.03% ! NY's 12th congressional district Whig hold. Hugh McClelland (Soft Shell Democratic) 33.78% William H. Wilson (Hard Shell Democratic) 15.16% ! NY's 13th congressional district Henry A. Clum (Soft Shell Democratic) 18.86% Alanson Cook (Hard Shell Democratic) 17.92% ! NY's 14th congressional district Whig gain. John W. Harcourt (Know Nothing) 28.45% John V. L. Pruyn (Soft Shell Democratic) 25.62% Hamilton David (Hard Shell Democratic) 15.03% ! NY's 15th congressional district Whig gain. Orville Clark (Hard Shell Democratic) 35.34% Charles Hughes (Soft Shell Democratic) 13.73% James M. Andrews (Temperance) 13.36% ! NY's 16th congressional district Jerome B. Bailey (Know Nothing) 27.06% Gorton T. Thomas (Soft Shell Democratic) 15.02% Joseph R. Flanders (Hard Shell Democratic) 9.75% ! NY's 17th congressional district Democratic hold. Henry P. Alexander (Whig) 36.00% Nathaniel S. Benton (Hard Shell Democratic) 13.38% ! NY's 18th congressional district Whig gain. Isaac Jackson (Democratic) 48.68% ! NY's 19th congressional district Whig hold. Lewis R. Palmer (Soft Shell Democratic) 41.33% William B. Hawes (Free Soil) 8.59% Hezekiah Sturgis (Hard Shell Democratic) 6.84% ! NY's 20th congressional district 1850 (retired) 1852 William C. Johnson (Soft Shell Democratic) 30.40% Benjamin N. Huntington (Independent Whig) 27.98% Nasman W. Moore (Soft Shell Democratic) 3.46% ! NY's 21st congressional district Edward Tompkins (Hard Shell Democratic) 32.04% Oliver C. Crocker (Soft Shell Democratic) 11.93% ! NY's 22nd congressional district Whig gain. Leander Babcock (Soft Shell Democratic) 27.50% Charles G. Case (Free Soil) 21.24% William Lewis (Hard Shell Democratic) 19.08% ! NY's 23rd congressional district Whig gain. Willard Ives (Soft Shell Democratic) 41.86% Lysander Brown (Hard Shell Democratic) 11.22% Reuben Goodale (Abolition) 0.58% ! NY's 24th congressional district Whig gain. Thomas G. Alvord (Soft Shell Democratic) 32.08% B. Davis Noxon (Know Nothing) 26.62% Sanford Parker (Hard Shell Democratic) 3.80% ! NY's 25th congressional district George H. Middleton (Soft Shell Democratic) 43.50% William F. Aldrich (Hard Shell Democratic) 8.15% ! NY's 26th congressional district James M. Seeley (Whig) 37.06% Thomas M. Howell (Hard Shell Democratic) 15.20% ! NY's 27th congressional district Whig gain. John G. McDowell (Soft Shell Democratic) 26.45% Stephen B. Cushing (Hard Shell Democratic) 12.28% ! NY's 28th congressional district Whig gain. George Hastings (Soft Shell Democratic) 27.72% Leman Gibbs (Hard Shell Democratic) 3.38% ! NY's 29th congressional district Democratic gain. Davis Carpenter (Whig) 36.13% Joseph Sibley (Hard Shell Democratic) 15.94% ! NY's 30th congressional district Albert P. Laning (Soft Shell Democratic) 23.62% Charles W. Belden (Hard Shell Democratic) 14.60% Nathan V. Hull (Free Soil) 4.19% ! NY's 31st congressional district Alden S. Blair (Democratic) 13.12% Edward J. Chase (Free Soil) 10.25% ! NY's 32nd congressional district Israel T. Hatch (Soft Shell Democratic) 35.15% Nelson Randall (Hard Shell Democratic) 5.64% ! NY's 33rd congressional district Know Nothing gain. Reuben Fenton (Soft Shell Democratic) 42.47% Ebenezer A. Lester (Hard Shell Democratic) 1.64% George W. Patterson (Whig) 0.40%

North Carolina

! NC's 1st congressional district Henry M. Shaw (Democratic) 48.29% ! NC's 2nd congressional district Thomas J. Latham (Know Nothing) 33.95% ! NC's 3rd congressional district David Reid (Know Nothing) 45.06% ! NC's 4th congressional district James B. Shepard (Know Nothing) 38.33% ! NC's 5th congressional district John Kerr Jr. (Whig) 34.72% ! NC's 6th congressional district Alfred Moore Scales (Democratic) 48.56% ! NC's 7th congressional district Samuel N. Stowe (Know Nothing) 37.83% ! NC's 8th congressional district Leander B. Carmichael (Know Nothing) 44.90%

Ohio

! OH's 1st congressional district Anti-Nebraska gain. George H. Pendleton (Democratic) 36.54% ! OH's 2nd congressional district Anti-Nebraska gain. William S. Groesbeck (Democratic) 33.97% ! OH's 3rd congressional district Anti-Nebraska gain. Clement Vallandigham (Democratic) 41.75% ! OH's 4th congressional district Anti-Nebraska gain. G. V. Dorsey (Democratic) 29.81% ! OH's 5th congressional district Anti-Nebraska gain. Henry S. Cowager (Democratic) 38.38% ! OH's 6th congressional district Anti-Nebraska gain. Andrew Ellison (Democratic) 34.96% ! OH's 7th congressional district Anti-Nebraska gain. Benjamin B. Hinkson (Democratic) 18.86% ! OH's 8th congressional district Anti-Nebraska gain. Enoch G. Dial (Democratic) 23.10% J. Newell (Unknown) 1.06% ! OH's 9th congressional district Anti-Nebraska gain. Josiah S. Plants (Democratic) 40.08% ! OH's 10th congressional district Anti-Nebraska gain. James W. Davis (Democratic) 34.68% ! OH's 11th congressional district Anti-Nebraska gain. Lot L. Smith (Democratic) 41.30% ! OH's 12th congressional district Anti-Nebraska gain. Edson B. Olds (Democratic) 39.72% ! OH's 13th congressional district Anti-Nebraska gain. William D. Lindsley (Democratic) 40.21% ! OH's 14th congressional district Anti-Nebraska gain. Harvey H. Johnson (Democratic) 40.74% ! OH's 15th congressional district Anti-Nebraska gain. William Dunbar (Democratic) 41.02% ! OH's 16th congressional district Anti-Nebraska gain. William Galligher (Democratic) 41.11% ! OH's 17th congressional district Anti-Nebraska gain. Daniel H. Wire (Democratic) 41.93% ! OH's 18th congressional district Anti-Nebraska gain. Ebenezer Spaulding (Democratic) 36.64% ! OH's 19th congressional district Anti-Nebraska gain. Eli T. Wilder (Democratic) 28.42% Irad Kelly (Independent) 0.51% ! OH's 20th congressional district Anti-Nebraska gain. ! OH's 21st congressional district Anti-Nebraska gain.

Pennsylvania

! PA's 1st congressional district Edward Joy Morris (Whig) 48.23% ! PA's 2nd congressional district Whig hold. John Hamilton (Democratic) 33.82% Joseph R. Chandler (Ind. Whig) 11.56% ! PA's 3rd congressional district Whig gain. James Landy (Democratic) 48.41% ! PA's 4th congressional district Know Nothing gain. Henry Myer Phillips (Democratic) 44.08% John Lambert (Whig) 6.29% ! PA's 5th congressional district Democratic hold. Nathan A. Jones (Whig) 49.97% ! PA's 6th congressional district Democratic gain. John M. Broomall (Whig) 41.03% ! PA's 7th congressional district Republican gain. Samuel A. Bridges (Democratic) 48.97% ! PA's 8th congressional district John C. Myers (Whig) 40.23% ! PA's 9th congressional district Independent gain. Isaac E. Hiester (Whig) 33.79% Joseph S. Lefevre (Democratic) 26.84% ! PA's 10th congressional district Whig hold. Amos Boughter (Democratic) 43.01% George A. Seiler (Independent) 1.00% ! PA's 11th congressional district Whig gain. William L. Dewart (Democratic) 36.68% Joseph W. Cake (Democratic) 21.90% Kimber Cleaver (Know Nothing) 2.56% ! PA's 12th congressional district Whig gain. Hendrick B. Wright (Democratic) 43.74% ! PA's 13th congressional district Edward F. Stewart (Whig) 41.33% ! PA's 14th congressional district Jim Grow (Independent) 4.56% Olin L. Hawley (Independent) 0.23%

Rhode Island

! RI's 1st congressional district Know Nothing gain. Thomas Davis (Democratic) ! RI's 2nd congressional district Know Nothing gain.

South Carolina

! SC's 1st congressional district I. D. Wilson (Unknown) 32.56% ! SC's 2nd congressional district W. C. Clayton (Unknown) 3.56% ! SC's 3rd congressional district unopposed ! SC's 4th congressional district A. C. Garlington (Unknown) 33.16% ! SC's 5th congressional district unopposed ! SC's 6th congressional district unopposed

Tennessee

Elections held late, on August 2, 1855. ! TN's 1st congressional district Democratic gain. ✅ Albert G. Watkins (Democratic) 50.32% Nathaniel G. Taylor (Know Nothing) 48.57% A. G. Graham (Unknown) 1.11% ! | TN's 2nd congressional district Know Nothing gain. ✅ William H. Sneed (Know Nothing) 52.15% David H. Cummins (Democratic) 47.85% ! TN's 3rd congressional district ✅ Samuel A. Smith (Democratic) 51.78% Josiah M. Anderson (Know Nothing) 48.22% ! TN's 4th congressional district Democratic gain. ✅ John H. Savage (Democratic) 51.96% William Cullom (Know Nothing) 48.04% ! TN's 5th congressional district Know Nothing gain. ✅ Charles Ready (Know Nothing) 91.79% Edwin A. Keeble (Democratic) 8.21% ! TN's 6th congressional district ✅ George W. Jones (Democratic) 66.63% Powhatan Gordon (Know Nothing) 33.37% ! TN's 7th congressional district Democratic gain. ✅ John V. Wright (Democratic) 57.24% William Kendrick (Know Nothing) 42.76% ! TN's 8th congressional district Know Nothing gain. ✅ Felix Zollicoffer (Know Nothing) 58.89% Granville C. Torbett (Democratic) 41.11% ! TN's 9th congressional district Know Nothing gain. Thomas J. Freeman (Democratic) 48.18% ! TN's 10th congressional district Know Nothing gain. ✅ Thomas Rivers (Know Nothing) 53.29% David M. Currin (Democratic) 46.71%

Texas

! TX's 1st congressional district Know Nothing gain. Matthias Ward (Democratic) 49.90% ! TX's 2nd congressional district John Hancock (Know Nothing) 39.24%

Vermont

! VT's 1st congressional district Solomon W. Jewett (Democratic) 28.6% ! VT's 2nd congressional district Whig hold. J. W. Parker (Democratic) 35.7% Oscar L. Shafter (Free Soil) 13.7% ! VT's 3rd congressional district William Heywood (Democratic) 31.4%

Virginia

! VA's 1st congressional district Robert L. Montague (Independent) 10.2% ! VA's 2nd congressional district [FNU] Watts (Know Nothing) 46.7% ! VA's 3rd congressional district William C. Scott (Know Nothing) 47.9% ! VA's 4th congressional district Littleton Tazewell (Know Nothing) 38.7% ! VA's 5th congressional district Nathaniel C. Claiborne (Know Nothing) 42.7% ! VA's 6th congressional district [FNU] Ligon (Know Nothing) 43.3% ! VA's 7th congressional district P. Johnson Barbour (Independent) 13.8% David Funsten (Independent) 8.2% ! VA's 8th congressional district Alexander Boteler (Know Nothing) 49.3% ! VA's 9th congressional district Alexander H. H. Stuart (Know Nothing) 1.9% ! VA's 10th congressional district William K. Pendleton (Know Nothing) 45.5% ! VA's 11th congressional district Know Nothing gain. Charles S. Lewis (Democratic) 48.8% ! VA's 12th congressional district Waller R. Staples (Know Nothing) 46.0% ! VA's 13th congressional district [FNU] Trigg (Know Nothing) 40.8%

Wisconsin

! WI's 1st congressional district Wyman Spooner (Republican) 45.4% ! WI's 2nd congressional district Republican gain. Otis Hoyt (Democratic) 39.8% David Taylor (Independent) 0.7% ! WI's 3rd congressional district Republican gain. John B. Macy (Democratic) 36.0% Harvey G. Turner (Independent) 8.1%

Non-voting delegates

! Kansas Territory's at-large congressional district New delegate elected December 20, 1854. Democratic gain. ! Minnesota Territory's at-large congressional district William Rainey Marshall (Republican) 32.46% David Olmsted (Anti-Nebraska Democratic) 21.54% ! Nebraska Territory's at-large congressional district (33rd Congress) New delegate elected December 12, 1854. Democratic gain. ! Nebraska Territory's at-large congressional district (34th Congress) New delegate elected November 5, 1855. Democratic hold. Hiram Pitt Bennet (Anti-Nebraska Republican) 44.84% ! Oregon Territory's at-large congressional district