1844–45 United States House of Representatives elections

The 1844–45 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between July 1, 1844, and November 4, 1845. Each state set its own date for its elections to the House of Representatives. 224 elected members representing 27 states took their seats when the first session of the 29th United States Congress convened on December 1, 1845. The new state of Florida elected its first representative during this election cycle, while one vacancy in New Hampshire's delegation remained unfilled for the duration of the 29th Congress. The House elections spanned the 1844 presidential election, won by dark horse Democratic candidate James K. Polk, who advocated territorial expansion. Democrats lost six seats but retained a large majority over the rival Whigs. The new American Party, based on the nativist "Know Nothing" movement characterized by opposition to immigration and anti-Catholicism, gained six seats.

Election summaries

One seat was added for the new State of Florida. Texas and Iowa were admitted during this next Congress, but their initial elections were held in 1846.

Special elections

Alabama

Elections were held August 4, 1845, after the March 4, 1845 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1845. ! AL's 1st congressional district ! AL's 2nd congressional district ! AL's 3rd congressional district ! AL's 4th congressional district ! AL's 5th congressional district ! AL's 6th congressional district ! AL's 7th congressional district

Arkansas

The election was held October 8, 1844. ! AR At-large David Walker (Whig) 40.1% Lewis B. Tully (Independent) 0.6%

Connecticut

Elections were held April 7, 1845, after the March 4, 1845 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1845. ! CT's 1st congressional district Thomas H. Seymour (Democratic) 46.5% Edward Hooker (Liberty) 2.4% ! CT's 2nd congressional district John Stewart (Democratic) 43.4% Ely Warner (Liberty) 2.8% ! CT's 3rd congressional district Noyes Billings (Democratic) 45.3% Sherman Wilson (Liberty) 6.6% ! CT's 4th congressional district John Cotton Smith Jr. (Democratic) 44.6% Daniel K. Nash (Liberty) 2.3% Mason Cleveland (Unknown) 0.7%

Delaware

The election was held November 12, 1844. ! DE At-large ✅ George R. Riddle (Democratic) 49.2%

Florida

The election was held May 26, 1845. ! FL At-large ✅ David Levy Yulee (Democratic) 60.3 Benjamin A. Putnam (Whig) 39.7%

Georgia

Elections were held August 7, 1844. ! GA's 1st congressional district ! GA's 2nd congressional district ! GA's 3rd congressional district Absalom H. Chappell (Democratic) 49.27% ! GA's 4th congressional district ! rowspan=2 | GA's 5th congressional district ! GA's 6th congressional district ! GA's 7th congressional district ! GA's 8th congressional district Edward J. Black (Democratic) 41.50%

Illinois

Elections were held August 5, 1844. ! IL's 1st congressional district John Reynolds (Independent Democratic) 33.65% Robert Marshall (Liberty) 1.55% Frederick Krafft (Unknown) 0.11% Joseph Gillespie (Whig) 0.02% James Shields (Democratic) 0.01% John R. Lovell (Unknown) 0.01% !IL's 2nd congressional district ! IL's 3rd congressional district ! IL's 4th congressional district ! IL's 5th congressional district ! IL's 6th congressional district ! IL's 7th congressional district

Indiana

Elections were held August 4, 1845, after the March 4, 1845 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1845. ! IN's 1st congressional district George P. Wilson (Whig) 46.32% !IN's 2nd congressional district Roger Martin (Whig) 46.90% !IN's 3rd congressional district Joseph C. Eggleston (Whig) 46.90% Angus C. McCoy (Liberty) 1.55% !IN's 4th congressional district John Finley (Democratic) 37.15% Matthew R. Hull (Liberty) 6.42% !IN's 5th congressional district James P. Foley (Whig) 43.20% Asa Bales (Liberty) 2.03% !IN's 6th congressional district Eli P. Farmer (Whig) 39.10% !IN's 7th congressional district Joseph A. Wright (Democratic) 49.31% !IN's 8th congressional district Albert L. Holmes (Whig) 47.61% Elizur Deming (Liberty) 0.75% !IN's 9th congressional district Samuel C. Sample (Whig) 47.81% John J. Deming (Liberty) 2.19% !IN's 10th congressional district Lewis G. Thompson (Democratic) 46.95% Daniel Worth (Liberty) 3.06%

Iowa Territory

See Non-voting delegates, below.

Kentucky

Elections were held August 4, 1845, after the March 4, 1845 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1845. ! KY's 1st congressional district ! KY's 2nd congressional district ! KY's 3rd congressional district ! KY's 4th congressional district ! KY's 5th congressional district ! KY's 6th congressional district ! KY's 7th congressional district ! KY's 8th congressional district ! KY's 9th congressional district ! KY's 10th congressional district

Louisiana

Elections were held July 1–3, 1844. ! LA's 1st congressional district ! LA's 2nd congressional district ! LA's 3rd congressional district ! LA's 4th congressional district

Maine

Elections were held September 9, 1844. ! ME's 1st congressional district ! ME's 2nd congressional district ! ME's 3rd congressional district ! ME's 4th congressional district ! ME's 5th congressional district ! ME's 6th congressional district ! ME's 7th congressional district

Maryland

Late elections to the 28th Congress

Maryland elected its members to the 28th Congress on February 14, 1844, after that Congress had already convened in 1843 and long after the 1842–1843 election cycle. ! MD's 1st congressional district Walter Bowie (Democratic) 42.06% ! MD's 2nd congressional district ! MD's 3rd congressional district ! MD's 4th congressional district ! MD's 5th congressional district ! MD's 6th congressional district

Regular elections to the 29th Congress

Maryland's October 1, 1845 elections were after the March 4, 1845 beginning of the new term, but still before the Congress convened in December 1845. ! MD's 1st congressional district Henry G. Kay (Democratic) 47.82% ! MD's 2nd congressional district ! MD's 3rd congressional district ! MD's 4th congressional district ! MD's 5th congressional district ! MD's 6th congressional district

Massachusetts

Elections were held November 11, 1844. At least one district, however, had multiple ballots stretching into 1846. ! MA's 1st congressional district ! MA's 2nd congressional district ! MA's 3rd congressional district ! MA's 4th congressional district Benjamin Thompson (Whig) 45.78% William Parmenter (Democratic) 44.52% Thomas M. Ward (Liberty) 8.55% Abraham R. Thompson (Unknown) 1.15% Second ballot (December 23, 1844) ✅ Benjamin Thompson (Whig) 51.71% William Parmenter (Democratic) 43.23% Thomas M. Ward (Liberty) 5.06% ! MA's 5th congressional district ! MA's 6th congressional district ! MA's 7th congressional district Increase Sumner (Democratic) 39.92% Joel Hayden (Liberty) 7.40% Caleb Bennett (Unknown) 1.07% ! MA's 8th congressional district Isaac H. Wright (Democratic) 37.71% Appleton Howe (Liberty) 5.18% ! MA's 9th congressional district Henry Williams (Democratic) 44.52% Artemas Hale (Whig) 45.78% Laban M. Wheaton (Liberty) 8.55% Job Terry (Know Nothing) 1.15% Second ballot (December 23, 1844) Artemas Hale (Whig) 46.55% Henry Williams (Democratic) 46.18% Caleb Swan (Liberty) 7.27% Third ballot (February 10, 1845) Henry Williams (Democratic) 46.60% Artemas Hale (Whig) 46.21% Caleb Swan (Liberty) 7.19% Fourth ballot (April 28, 1845) Henry Williams (Democratic) 47.13% Artemas Hale (Whig) 43.66% Caleb Swan (Liberty) 7.93% Job Terry (Know Nothing) 1.28% Fifth ballot (September 1, 1845) Artemas Hale (Whig) 44.48% Henry Williams (Democratic) 43.43% Laban M. Wheaton (Liberty) 9.40% Job Terry (Know Nothing) 2.69% Sixth ballot (November 10, 1845) Peter H. Pierce (Democratic) 44.17% Artemas Hale (Whig) 42.90% Laban M. Wheaton (Liberty) 9.32% Job Terry (Know Nothing) 3.62% Seventh ballot (December 29, 1845) Artemas Hale (Whig) 45.40% Peter H. Pierce (Democratic) 44.45% Laban M. Wheaton (Liberty) 8.66% Job Terry (Know Nothing) 1.49% Eighth ballot (February 2, 1846) Artemas Hale (Whig) 44.39% Peter H. Pierce (Democratic) 47.31% Laban M. Wheaton (Liberty) 7.43% Ninth ballot (November 9, 1846) ✅ Artemas Hale (Whig) 50.64% Foster Hooper (Democratic) 37.34% Laban M. Wheaton (Liberty) 10.35% Job Terry (Know Nothing) 1.67% ! MA's 10th congressional district

Michigan

Elections were held November 5, 1844. ! MI's 1st congressional district Edwin Lawrence (Whig) 43.9% Charles H. Stewart (Liberty) 4.9% ! MI's 2nd congressional district Henry W. Taylor (Whig) 45.7% Edwin A. Atlee (Liberty) 6.3% ! MI's 3rd congressional district George W. Wisner (Whig) 42.9% William Caulfield (Liberty) 5.8%

Mississippi

Elections were held November 3–4, 1845, after the March 4, 1845 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1845. ! rowspan=4 | MS At-large (4 seats) ✅ Jacob Thompson (Democratic) 16.81% ✅ Jefferson Davis (Democratic) 16.63% ✅ Stephen Adams (Democratic) 16.42% ✅ Robert W. Roberts (Democratic) 16.17% Patrick W. Tompkins (Whig) 11.05% Peter B. Starke (Whig) 10.64% Walker Brooke (Whig) 10.40% Scattering 1.89%

Missouri

Elections were held at-large on a general ticket August 5, 1844. ! rowspan=5 | MO At-large 5 seats ✅ James B. Bowlin (Democratic) 11.84% ✅ James H. Relfe (Democratic) 11.84% ✅ Sterling Price (Democratic) 11.72% ✅ Leonard H. Sims (Democratic) 9.43% Thomas B. Hudson (Whig) 9.43% John Thornton (Whig) 9.24% Ratliff Boon (Whig) 9.10% Augustus Jones (Whig) 9.09% D. C. Parsons (Democratic) 6.29%

New Hampshire

Elections were held at-large on a general ticket March 11, 1845, after the March 4, 1845 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1845. ! rowspan=4 | NH At-large 4 seats ✅ James Hutchins Johnson (Democratic) 13.49% ✅ Moses Norris Jr. (Democratic) 13.19% John Woodbury (Democratic) 12.12% Thomas M. Edwards (Whig) 8.25% George W. Nesmith (Whig) 8.24% Ichabod Goodwin (Whig) 8.17% Joseph Sawyer (Whig) 7.63% John P. Hale (Independent) 4.23% Reuben Porter (Liberty) 2.86% Humphrey Moore (Liberty) 2.73% Joseph Cilley (Liberty) 2.62% Jacob Perkins (Liberty) 2.37% Second ballot (August 23, 1845) John Woodbury (Democratic) 48.42% Ichabod Goodwin (Whig) 28.18% John P. Hale (Independent) 23.39% Third ballot (November 29, 1845) John Woodbury (Democratic) 47.57% Ichabod Goodwin (Whig) 29.11% John P. Hale (Independent) 23.33% Fourth ballot (March 10, 1846) John Woodbury (Democratic) 48.82% Ichabod Goodwin (Whig) 30.28% John P. Hale (Independent) 20.90%

New Jersey

Elections were held October 9, 1844. ! NJ's 1st congressional district ! NJ's 2nd congressional district ! NJ's 3rd congressional district ! NJ's 4th congressional district ! NJ's 5th congressional district

New York

Elections were held November 11, 1844. ! NY's 1st congressional district ! NY's 2nd congressional district ! NY's 3rd congressional district ! NY's 4th congressional district ! NY's 5th congressional district ! NY's 6th congressional district ! NY's 7th congressional district ! NY's 8th congressional district ! NY's 9th congressional district ! NY's 10th congressional district ! NY's 11th congressional district ! NY's 12th congressional district ! NY's 13th congressional district ! NY's 14th congressional district ! NY's 15th congressional district ! NY's 16th congressional district ! NY's 17th congressional district ! NY's 18th congressional district ! NY's 19th congressional district ! NY's 20th congressional district ! NY's 21st congressional district ! NY's 22nd congressional district ! NY's 23rd congressional district ! NY's 24th congressional district ! NY's 25th congressional district ! NY's 26th congressional district ! NY's 27th congressional district ! NY's 28th congressional district ! NY's 29th congressional district ! NY's 30th congressional district ! NY's 31st congressional district ! NY's 32nd congressional district ! NY's 33rd congressional district ! NY's 34th congressional district

North Carolina

Elections were held August 7, 1845, after the March 4, 1845 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1845. ! NC's 1st congressional district ! NC's 2nd congressional district ! NC's 3rd congressional district ! NC's 4th congressional district ! NC's 5th congressional district ! NC's 6th congressional district ! NC's 7th congressional district ! NC's 8th congressional district ! NC's 9th congressional district

Ohio

Elections were held October 8, 1844. ! OH's 1st congressional district ! OH's 2nd congressional district ! OH's 3rd congressional district ! OH's 4th congressional district ! OH's 5th congressional district ! OH's 6th congressional district ! OH's 7th congressional district ! OH's 8th congressional district ! OH's 9th congressional district ! OH's 10th congressional district ! OH's 11th congressional district ! OH's 12th congressional district ! OH's 13th congressional district ! OH's 14th congressional district ! OH's 15th congressional district ! OH's 16th congressional district ! OH's 17th congressional district ! OH's 18th congressional district ! OH's 19th congressional district ! OH's 20th congressional district ! OH's 21st congressional district

Pennsylvania

Elections were held October 8, 1844. ! PA's 1st congressional district ! PA's 2nd congressional district ! PA's 3rd congressional district ! PA's 4th congressional district ! PA's 5th congressional district ! PA's 6th congressional district ! PA's 7th congressional district ! PA's 8th congressional district ! PA's 9th congressional district ! PA's 10th congressional district ! PA's 11th congressional district ! PA's 12th congressional district ! PA's 13th congressional district ! PA's 14th congressional district ! PA's 15th congressional district ! PA's 16th congressional district ! PA's 17th congressional district ! PA's 18th congressional district ! PA's 19th congressional district ! PA's 20th congressional district ! PA's 21st congressional district ! PA's 22nd congressional district ! PA's 23rd congressional district ! PA's 24th congressional district

Rhode Island

Elections were held April 2, 1845, after the March 4, 1845 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1845. ! RI's 1st congressional district ! RI's 2nd congressional district

South Carolina

Elections were held October 14–15, 1844. ! SC's 1st congressional district ! SC's 2nd congressional district ! SC's 3rd congressional district ! SC's 4th congressional district ! SC's 5th congressional district ! SC's 6th congressional district ! SC's 7th congressional district

Tennessee

Elections were held August 7, 1845. ! TN's 1st congressional district ✅ Andrew Johnson (Democratic) 56.27% William B. Brownlow (Whig) 43.73% ! TN's 2nd congressional district ✅ William M. Cocke (Whig) 45.03% George S. Gilbert (Democratic) 35.63% Lewis Reneau (Independent Whig) 19.34% ! TN's 3rd congressional district ✅ John H. Crozier (Whig) 51.41% Julius W. Blackwell (Democratic) 48.59% ! TN's 4th congressional district ✅ Alvan Cullom (Democratic) 93.06% Isaac Clendenon (Unknown) 6.94% ! TN's 5th congressional district ✅ George W. Jones (Democratic) 100% ! TN's 6th congressional district ✅ Barclay Martin (Democratic) 57.93% William D. Kindrick (Whig) 42.07% ! TN's 7th congressional district ✅ Meredith P. Gentry (Whig) 67.94% Charles L. Nelson (Democratic) 32.06% ! TN's 8th congressional district ✅ Joseph H. Peyton (Whig) 55.33% William Trousdale (Democratic) 44.67% ! TN's 9th congressional district John J. Mathewson (Whig) 42.44% ! TN's 10th congressional district ✅ Frederick P. Stanton (Democratic) 52.76% Phineas T. Scruggs (Whig) 47.24% ! TN's 11th congressional district ✅ Milton Brown (Whig) 60.96% Nelson Hess (Democratic) 39.04%

Vermont

Elections were held September 3, 1844. ! VT's 1st congressional district Charles K. Field (Democratic) 34.5% Oscar L. Shafter (Liberty) 8.2% ! VT's 2nd congressional district Levi B. Vilas (Democratic) 34.8% Titus Hutchinson (Liberty) 9.7% ! VT's 3rd congressional district John Smith (Democratic) 31.6% William H. French (Unknown) 11.5% ! VT's 4th congressional district Paul Dillingham (Democratic) 48.0% George B. Chandler (Whig) 41.3% George Putnam (Unknown) 10.4% Second ballot Paul Dillingham (Democratic) 47.7% George B. Chandler (Whig) 44.0% George Putnam (Liberty) 8.3% Third ballot✅ Paul Dillingham (Democratic) 51.4% George B. Chandler (Whig) 43.6% George Putnam (Liberty) 5.0%

Virginia

Elections were held April 24, 1845, after the March 4, 1845 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1845. ! VA's 1st congressional district R. H. Whitfield (Whig) 44.1% ! VA's 2nd congressional district George W. Bolling (Whig) 43.0% ! VA's 3rd congressional district [FNU] Gilmer (Whig) 48.7% ! VA's 4th congressional district John J. Hill (Whig) ! VA's 5th congressional district [FNU] Irving (Whig) 47.4% ! VA's 6th congressional district John Botts (Whig) 47.7% ! VA's 7th congressional district George W. Southall (Whig) 46.5% ! VA's 8th congressional district Willoughby Newton (Whig) 44.7% ! VA's 9th congressional district [FNU] McCarty (Independent) 46.8% ! VA's 10th congressional district William Lucas (Democratic) 45.0% ! VA's 11th congressional district ! VA's 12th congressional district Fleming B. Miller (Democratic) 38.8% ! VA's 13th congressional district John B. George (Whig) 49.8% ! VA's 14th congressional district George D. Camden (Whig) 47.4% ! VA's 15th congressional district Guy C. R. Allen (Whig) 43.7%

Wisconsin Territory