The 142nd meridian east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, Australasia, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole. The 142nd meridian east is the estimated location of the boundary between Spain and Portugal (as per the Treaty of Zaragoza) signed on 22 April 1529. Consequently, at Possession Island 142°24'E, just before sunset on Wednesday 22 August 1770, Captain Cook declared the coast to be British territory in the name of King George III. The Coast to the west was already Dutch territory. The 142nd meridian east forms a great circle with the 38th meridian west.

From Pole to Pole

Starting at the North Pole and heading south to the South Pole, the 142nd meridian east passes through: ! scope="col" width="130" | Co-ordinates ! scope="col" | Country, territory or sea ! scope="col" | Notes ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Arctic Ocean ! scope="row" | 🇷🇺 ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | East Siberian Sea ! scope="row" | 🇷🇺 ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | East Siberian Sea ! scope="row" | 🇷🇺 ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Sea of Okhotsk ! scope="row" | 🇷🇺 ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Strait of Tartary ! scope="row" | 🇷🇺 ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Strait of Tartary ! scope="row" | 🇷🇺 ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Strait of Tartary ! scope="row" | 🇷🇺 ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | La Pérouse Strait ! scope="row" | 🇯🇵 ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Pacific Ocean ! scope="row" | 🇯🇵 ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Pacific Ocean ! scope="row" | 🇵🇬 ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Arafura Sea ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Gulf of Carpentaria ! scope="row" | 🇦🇺 ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Indian Ocean ! scope="row" | 🇦🇺 ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Indian Ocean ! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | Southern Ocean ! scope="row" | Antarctica